3～5年级小学生时长感知能力及其与学业成绩之间的相关性研究

The Ability of the Auditory Temporal Perception and the Correction with Study Ability of Primary School Student

目的探讨3～5年级小学生对不同频率纯音、调制音的时长间隔感知处理能力及其与学业成绩之间的相关性。方法采用3×4×2混合实验设计,对105名3～5年级小学生分别用不同声音类型(纯音、调频音、调幅音)和不同频率(500、1 000、2 000、4 000Hz)的声音组合进行时长感知测试,比较其最小差别感知阈值。结果①3～5年级小学女生对500Hz纯音的时长感知能力较4 000Hz强(P=0.008),对500Hz调幅音的时长感知能力较500Hz调频音更强(P=0.025);3～5年级小学男生对500Hz调幅音的时长感知能力较1 000Hz差(P=0.025),而女生对500Hz调幅音时长感知能力较男生强(P=0.027);②3～5年级小学生的学业成绩与时长感知能力呈负相关(r=-0.425,P<0.05)。结论时长感知能力作为听觉中枢处理的最基本能力之一,可能直接影响3～5年级小学生个体学习能力的发展。

Objective The study aims to explore the features of auditory temporal gap perception ability of 3 -5 grade pupils by using different frequencies, modulation sound for the test, and find the correction with learning ability. Methods Under the three factor mixed experiment design, 3-5 graders will perceive different sound combi- nations of different type of sound （pure tones, FM sounds, AM sound） and different frequencies （500 Hz, 1 000 Hz, 2 000 Hz, 4 000 Hz）, the dependent variable was the limit threshold value. Results （2）Girls in the 3rd throngh 5th grade of primary school had better temporal perception ability on 500 Hz pure tomes than that of 4 000 Hz（P= 0. 008） ,they also had better temporal perception ability to 500 Hz amplitade modulated tones tham that of 500 Hz FM tone（P=0. 025）. Boys in the 3rd throwgh 5th had better perception ability to 1 000 Hz amplitude modulated tones than that of 500 Hz（P= 0. 025）. Howerer, the girls had better temporal perception ability on 500 Hz amplita- de modillated tones than the boys did（P=0. 027）. （2）There was a significant correlation between auditory temporal perception ability and the learning ability. Conclusion Temporal gap perception ability is one of the basic ability for central auditory processing, which will affect the development of individual learning ability.