南极冰盖物质平衡最新研究进展

An up to date review on the mass balance over Antarctica

探明南极冰盖物质平衡状况,对研究全球变暖背景下海平面变化具有重要意义,也是南极冰川学的重要基础工作.在ITASE计划(International Trans Antarctic Scientific Expedition)和ISMASS计划(Ice Sheet MassBalance and Sea Level)的指导下,各国科学家对南极几个主要流域进行了大范围的实地观测,获取了一些重要成果.此外,由于极地测高卫星和重力卫星的应用,南极冰盖整体物质平衡状况评估在近期得到长足发展.无论是实地研究还是卫星遥感,都有其局限性,两者结合可以弥补各自的缺陷,是未来研究的主要发展方向,但目前仍未引起足够的重视.因此,本文综述了南极冰盖物质平衡研究的最新研究进展,将有关研究分局域和洲际尺度进行了介绍,并对国内的研究提出建议.

The assessment of mass balance in Antarctica is one of the basic issues for global sea level change under climate change. During the past decades, scientists have conducted many in-situ measurements in the major glacier basins of Antarctica, under the guidance of ITASE （International Trans Antarctic Scientific Expedition） and ISMASS （Ice Sheet Mass Balance and Sea Level） projects. Furthermore, the data collected by satellite altimeter and gravity sensor, hastened the study on mass balance over Antarctica significantly. However, both of the methods have its own limitations, such as the post-rebound effect for GRACE satellite. The combination of in-situ measurement and satellite will be the emphasis in future studies. This paper will focus on the mass balance and provide the up to date researches.