歼击机飞行员老年期心脏结构及功能状况调查

Investigation of cardiac status of fighter pilots in their old age using colored sonogram

目的 了解歼击机飞行员老年期心脏形态结构及功能 ,探讨歼击机飞行对心血管系统的可能存在的长期影响。 方法 应用彩色多普勒超声心动图对 40名男性老年期 (>6 0岁 )歼击机飞行员与 40名年龄、心率等心脏健康状况相匹配的地面军队老干部进行心脏组织形态结构指标、心室收缩、舒张功能敏感指标以及临床相关指标进行对比分析研究。 结果 左心室舒张及收缩末期内径、左房内径、左室舒张末期容积、左室后壁厚度、平均左室周径向心缩短率、室间隔厚度、左室重量指数、射血时间、心输出量和心每搏量两组间差别无显著性意义。左室收缩末容积、前 1/ 2充盈分数、前 1/ 3充盈分数、心室舒张早期血流充盈速度 (E)及 E/ A值、主动脉瓣口面积、环部、窦部内径均高于对照组(P<0 .0 5 ) ;射血分数、左室缩短分数、心脏指数及心房充盈分数均低于对照组 (P<0 .0 5 )。 结论 歼击机飞行员与地面人员相比 ,在老年期心血管功能及心脏组织形态学结构无显著病理改变。

Objective To explore the possible long term effect of fighter pilot career on the cardiac structure and function. Methods Forty healthy old (age 67.6±3.91) former fighter pilots engaged in flight career for more than 30 years served as subjects, and forty healthy old (age 69.0±3.76) ground personnel as controls. Parameters of cardiac structure and function of both groups were measured by colored sonogram and compared stastically. Results Many indexes in pilot group had no significant difference with those in controls. LVESV, 1/2FF, 1/3FF, E, E/A, aortic valve area, internal diameter of the ring and sinus in pilot group were significanly higher than those in control group ( P <0.05). LVEF, FS, CI and AFF in pilot group were significantly lower than those in control group ( P <0.05). Conclusion The difference of structure indexes between two groups may be the result of long term repeated exposure to high +G Z and flight stress in pilots. Because the heart function indexes in pilot group were not negatively affected, the structural variation can be regarded as vestige of former adaptive reaction.