山东地区患者泌尿生殖道支原体感染调查及药敏分析

Genitourinary mycoplasma infection and drug sensitivity of patients in Shandong

目的:探讨山东地区患者泌尿生殖道支原体感染情况及药物敏感性。方法:济南、潍坊等7所医院的门诊及住院患者,采用支原体培养方法检测3550例疑似泌尿生殖道感染患者的泌尿生殖道分泌物中解脲支原体(Uu)及人型支原体(Mh),用药敏试剂盒来检测支原体对12种抗生素敏感性。结果:780例患者的支原体培养为阳性,阳性率为21.97%,其中解脲支原体单独感染的患者为653例(83.72%);人型支原体单独感染的患者为40例(5.13%);两者都为阳性的患者为87例(11.15%)。近几年支原体感染有逐渐下降趋势。解脲支原体对四环素、强力霉素、交沙霉素、克拉霉素及美满霉素敏感,人型支原体对克拉霉素敏感较差,解脲支原体合并人型支原体对克拉霉素耐药。结论:引起泌尿生殖道的感染主要为解脲支原体,解脲支原体合并人型支原体感染可导致耐药性提高,治疗支原体感染的首选药物是强力霉素、交沙霉素及美满霉素。

Objectives： To investigate the infection of genitourinary mycoplasma and drug sensitivity of the patients in Shandong. Methods： we selected 3550 suspected genitourinary infection patients from both outpatients and inpatients from 7 hospitals in Jinan and Weifang. By using mycoplasma cultural method, we tested urea mycoplasma （Uu） and mycoplasma hominis （Mh） in the genitourinary secretion of the patients. We detected drug sensitivity to 12 kinds of antibiotics with drug sensitivity kits. Results： 780 cases were positive with positive rate 21.97%. Among the positive, cases of pure urea mycoplasma infection were 653 （83.72%） ; cases of pure mycoplasma hominis were 40 （5.13%） ; and both Uu and Mh were 87 cases （ 11.15% ）. In recent years, the mycoplasma infection has been gradually declining. Urea mycoplasma is sensitive to tetracycline, doxycycline and josamycin, clarithromycin and minocycline, while mycoplasma hominis is less sensitive to clarithromycin. The mixture of urea mycoplasma （Uu） and mycoplasma hominis （Mh） has resistance to clarithromycin. Conclusion： the causes of genitourinary infection are urea mycoplasma. The mixture of urea mycoplasma （Uu） and mycoplasma hominis （Mh） improves resistance to clarithromycin. The choice drugs to treat mycoplasma infection are doxycycline, josamycin and minocycline.