豫东平原土壤养分时空变异特征研究

Study on Characteristics of Soil Nutrients in Temporal and Spatial Changing and Its Utilization in the East of Henan Province

通过土壤耕层养分特征分析，论述了不同农田利用和管理措施下不同土壤类型的土壤养分时空变异特征及硝态氮的累积特性。由于“重氮磷，轻有机肥，忽视钾素补给”，土壤养分变化以退化趋势为主，钾素耗竭性明显。硝态氮累积表现为从上向下递减、由上至下递增和相对积累于土体某一深度3种变化趋势。提出了土壤持续利用途径。

After the analysis of soil nutrients in different stage and soil types, the characteristics of soil nutrients changing in different soil types were stated. And then the space nature of soil nutrients and NO3--N accumulation in soil body were revealed. The general tendency of soil nutrients changing is mainly retrograde because of emphasizing nitrogen and phosphorous fertilizer, neglecting manure, and without complementing potassium, especially the volume of available potassium. The characteristics of NO3--N accumulation show different features in different soil types and exists three tendencies, which are getting less and less from upper to bottom, getting more and more from upper to bottom, and accumulating in the middle of soil body. At last the methods of soil sustainable utilization was proposed.