大气气溶胶有害成分的激光击穿光谱探测

Detection of injurious ingredient in aerosol by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

大气气溶胶中的重金属成分对人类健康有严重的危害,有必要对其进行控制和检测。利用自行搭建的一套激光击穿光谱(Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy,简称LIBS)大气气溶胶监测系统,对中南民族大学电信学院楼顶处的气溶胶进行了为期一个月的探测研究,获得了这一个月中PM10的分布和Be元素谱线强度的分布,通过对烟花爆竹燃烧产生的烟雾进行探测,获得了多种重金属元素的LIBS光谱图。通过对光谱图的定性分析表明,该技术能够同时检测大气气溶胶中重金属成分。配置含Cd、Sr、Na、Pb不同浓度的大气样品进行了定标实验,结果表明这些元素的谱线强度与其元素浓度有很好的线性关系,其线性拟合相关度均大于0.94。这些研究结果有效表明该技术能用于大气气溶胶中多种重金属成分的同时探测,为大气气溶胶中重金属成分的实时在线检测提供了一种新的方法。

The heavy metal elements in aerosol were harm to human health seriously, so it was necessary to in-situ and real-time monitor the heavy metals in atmosphere. Monitoring of aerosol by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy （LIBS） system continued one month in South Central University for Nationalities. The distribution of PM10 and spectrum intensity of Be element was obtained in this month. The spectrum of heavy metal by fireworks combustion was obtained by using the monitor system. Qualitative analysis of heavy metal showed that the technology can detect several kinds of heavy metals in aerosol at the sam：e time. Through quantitative analysis of simulated aerosol Cd~ Sr~ Na, Pb elements calibration curve were obtained. The linear correlation coefficient was more than 0.94. The results provide a new method for real-time online detection of heavy metals in atmospheric aerosol.