优秀速滑运动员于静直线等速蹬伸肌力特征及sEMG研究

Study on the Myodynamia and sEMG of Elite Speed Skater Yu Jing in Linear Isokinetic Leg Press

目的:探讨支撑方式、支撑条件、动作速度和动作过程对下肢最大肌力和做功能力的影响,为专项力量练习手段的选择和设计提供理论参考。方法:采用视频、表面肌电和直线等速运动同步对于静蹬伸过程中的力学和肌电参数进行研究。结果:1)支撑条件和支撑方式对下肢力和做功有非常显著性影响。有冰刀支撑时最大肌力和做功小于无冰刀支撑,单腿支撑力与功小于双腿支撑,两单腿支撑力与功的和大于双腿支撑;2)速度和动作过程对下肢力和做功有非常显著性影响。离心蹬伸时,速度大则力量与做功都大,而向心时速度大则力量与做功都小;同一速度下,等速离心收缩的最大力和做功能力大于等速向心收缩;3)左、右腿力量的平衡性因速度和支持方式的不同而表现不同趋势;4)支撑条件、动作速度和支撑方式对下肢各肌群肌电有非常显著性影响。

Objective： Research the impaction of supporting pattern, supporting condition, work-ing speed and action on the maximum strength and power in lower limbs for the theoretical ref erence to select and design special strength training means. Methods.. Measure the dynamics and EMG parameter in YU JING leg press with the methods of synchronizing the video, sEMG and linear Isokinetic. Result： 1） Supporting pattern and supporting condition have significant affec-tion on strength and power in leggs （P〈0.01）, the maximum strength and power of within ice shates＇ is small than the without＇, and the single＇ small than the double legs support, but the sum of the two single ＇ is big than the double ＇ ; 2） Working speed and action have significant affection on strength and power in leggs （P〈0.01）, the strength and power in eccentric leg press is positive correlation with speed, but opposite in concentric leg press; the maximum strength and power in lsokinetie eccentric is more than Isokinetie concentric in the same speed; 3） The balance between two legs is vary in different speed and supports; 5） Supporting pat-tern, supporting condition, and working speed have significant affection on sEMG in lower limbs（P〈0. 01 ）.