民间资本进入农村金融服务领域的制度分析

Institutional Analysis of Private Capital Entering the Financial Services Field in Rural Areas

允许民间资本进入农村金融服务领域,实现了农村金融制度变迁模式的创新,也开启了全国金融市场向民间资本开放之路。准入新政在改变制度变迁模式、实现增量改革、突破改革"路径依赖"的同时,改革的实践则表明,新的农村金融制度改革仍存在未能摆脱"诺思悖论"、新型农村金融机构根植于农村的属性弱化、竞争力不足以及大规模偏好等问题。为此,应进一步放开民间资本的准入之门,以利率市场化、农业现代化和新型城镇化吸引资金流向农村;以存款保险制度和完善的监管机制保护农村小型金融组织的竞争力。

It is innovation of rural financial system model to allow private capital to enter the field of financial services in rural areas, and it also opens the road to attract private capital in national financial market. Institutional change achieves incremental reforms and the breakthrough in the reform of ＂path dependence＂, while the practice of the reform indicates that the new rural financial system reform has not been able to get rid of ＂North Paradox＂ and the new rural financial institutions are rooted in the weakening of the rural property,lack of competitiveness, large-scale preferences. To this end, we should make further liberalization of access to private capital and attract capital flows to rural areas by means of interest rate liberalization, agricultural modernization and new-type urbanization. The government should also conduct deposit insurance system and a comprehensive monitoring mechanism to protect the competitiveness of small rural financial organizations.