特大粒水稻材料粒型性状的QTL检测

Identification of QTL for Rice Grain Traits Based on an Extra-Large Grain Material

利用特大粒粳稻TD70(2011年千粒重达80g)和籼稻品种Kasalath杂交,经单粒传法获得的240个重组自交系(RIL)为作图群体,分别于2010年和2011年对粒长、粒宽、粒厚性状进行鉴定,用完备区间作图法,以均匀分布于12条染色体的141个SSR标记对粒型性状进行QTL检测。共检测到粒型性状的QTL 18个,分布于第2、3、5、7、9和12染色体上。其中,控制粒长的QTL 5个,控制粒宽的QTL 6个,控制粒厚的QTL 7个。两年间均能检测到的QTL有7个,分别为粒长QTL qGL3.1,粒宽QTL qGW2.1、qGW2.2、qGW5.1、qGW5.2,粒厚QTL qGT2.3、qGT3.1;其平均贡献率分别为56.19%、4.42%、29.41%、10.37%、7.61%、21.19%和17.06%。第2染色体RM1347-RM5699区间是粒长、粒宽、粒厚的共同标记区间。第3染色体RM6080-RM6832区间为粒长qGL3.1、粒厚qGT3.1共同标记区间。18个QTL的增效等位基因均来源于大粒亲本TD70,且增效作用显著。定位的大部分位点包含已报道的精细定位和克隆的主要粒型基因;除第2染色体的qGW2.1(qGT2.1)、qGW2.3、qGL2.2和第12染色体的qGT12等位点已有粒型性状相关报道外,定位的qGT2.2,qGW9和qGT9可能是新的QTL。

Two hundred and forty recombinant inbred lines （RIL） derived from a cross between japonica rice TD70 （with 1000-grain weight of 80 g in 2011） and Kasalath, and its linkage map including 141 SSR markers was used to map QTI. controlling grain shape traits（grain length, grain width, grain thickness）in 2010 and 2011. 18 QTLs controlling the three grain shape traits were detected on chromosomes 2, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 12, respectively, including 5 QTI.s for grain length, 6 QTLs for grain width and 7 QTLs for grain thickness. Seven QTLs, namely qGL3. 1, qGW2, qGW2. 2, qGW5. 1, qGW5. 2, qGT2. 3 and qGT3. 1 were detected in two years and explained 56. 19%, 4.42%, 29.41%, 10.37%, 7.61%, 21. 19% and 17.06% of the observed phenotypic variance, respectively. The marker interval RM1347--RM5699 on chromosome 2 was common marker intervals of grain length, grain width and grain thickness;qGL3. 1 , qGT3. 1 were mapped in the same interval RM6080--RM6832 on chromosome 3. All of the 18 QTI.s alleles were derived from the large grain parent TDT0. Most of the QTLs are cloned genes and some mapped QTLs. Three QTLs, qGL2.2 on chromosome 2, qGW9 and qGT9 on the chromosome 9 may be new sites.