青少年网络不道德行为与父母教养方式的关系——道德脱离、责任心、道德同一性的中介作用

The Relationship between Adolescent Immoral Behaviours on Internet and Parenting Style

研究采用问卷法,对764名青少年进行测试,用结构方程模型检验了教养方式、责任心、道德同一性、道德脱离和网络不道德行为之间的关系模型。结果表明,拒绝型教养方式通过责任心、道德同一性和道德脱离的中介来间接影响网络不道德行为。责任心可以直接作用于网络不道德行为,也可以通过道德脱离的中介来影响网络不道德行为。道德同一性只能通过道德脱离来影响不道德行为。

It is known that morality is a focus in psychological study. In the past studies, many researchers have used various theories to explain the mechanism of human morality. In our daily lives, many people have sound moral judgments but behave immorally. Re- cently, researchers have figured out why moral people have immoral behaviors. Some of them believe that moral emotions can play an important role in moral behavior; others point to a new psychological mechanism of moral behaviors. The latter uses Bandura＇s social cognition theory to the hotspot of moral study. In Bandura＇s theory, a concept used to explain immoral behavior is called moral disen- gagement, which is a cognitive process. It can make self-control fail to inhibit the immoral decision. In Bandura＇s explanation of moral disengagement, there are eight mechanisms （ moral justification, euphemistic labeling, advantageous comparison, displacement of re- sponsibility, diffusion of responsibility, distorting consequences, attribution of blame, dehumanization）. Nowadays, our society is de- veloping rapidly. Undoubtedly, our education experts are eager to find out why some adolescents have immoral behaviors, while parents need to know how to deal with their children who may have immoral or deviant behaviors. It is also important to analyze the immoral be- haviors on the Interuet. In the present study, we explore the relationship of individual trait, family factors and adolescent immoral be- haviors. We focus on the role of moral identity, social responsibility, moral disengagement in connection with parenting style and online immoral behaviors. This study seeks to show the influence of parenting style, social responsibility, moral identity and moral disengage- ment on the adolescent online immoral behaviors. There are 764 participants in this research. They completed five questionnaires, and the data were analyzed through structural equation modeling. First of all, the final model indicated that there was no direct correlation between parenting style and immoral behaviors. And there is a direct correlation between moral identity and immoral behaviors. Second- ly, moral disengagement can mediate the relationship between moral identity （and responsibility） and immoral behaviors. Meanwhile, moral identity and social responsibility can mediate the relationship between moral disengagement and parenting style. The results indi- cated that moral disengagement had a great influence on the relationship between parenting style and immoral behaviors. However, the pathway involving the moral disengagement can explain 3/4 of the effect of parenting style on the adolescent immoral behaviors on the Intemet. Finally, other implications and inferences will be discussed in the article. Generally speaking, our study shows the possible direction of moral education. To begin with, we need more practical moral education rather than theoretical moral education. Moreover, our schools and teachers should pay more attention to adolescents＇ absurd explanation of immoral behaviors. And we should pay more at- tention to the moral identity that shows the importance of moral trait in self. Finally, although our research shows that rejection of paren- ting did not predict adolescents＂ immoral behaviors, the parenting style can indirectly influence immoral behaviors through mediation. Therefore, parents should change their parenting pattern and give their children more caring and treat their children more warmly.