青少年负性情绪事件性质判断偏向的情绪弹性与性别效应

The Effects of Emotional Resilience and Gender on Judgment Bias in Process of the Nature of Negative Emotion Incidents

研究以青少年学生为被试,采用测验和实验的方法考察了情绪弹性和性别变量对青少年在四类负性情绪事件性质的判断偏向上产生的影响。结果表明:(1)情绪弹性对青少年加工负性情绪事件信息时的判断偏向产生一定影响,低情绪弹性个体在面对与一般生活情境相关的负性情绪事件时,更倾向于从消极方面对事件的性质加以判断。(2)性别对青少年加工负性情绪事件信息时的判断偏向不产生实质性影响。

Although many researchers have postulated that emotion has important impacts in the process of social information （ e. g. , Crick ＆ Dodge, 1994; Dodge ＆ Price, 1994; Weary ＆ Edwards, 1994; Coyne ＆ Whiffen, 1995; Bryan, Sullivan- Burstein, ＆ Mathur, 1998; Lememerise ＆ Dodge, 2000; Orobio de Castro, Slot, Bosch, et al. , 2003; Scott ＆ Zhang; 2004）, most of these stud- ies have focused on how to evoke emotion in a variety of emotional stimuli through direct sensory stimulation by providing emotional ma- terials under the strict experimental conditions, ignoring that all of these emotions were single, experimental and situational emotions that have no real social significance and meaning in peopleg actual lives. In addition, most of these studies have ignored the regulation function of emotional ability in the process of social emotional information. In order to avoid the above defects, this study used test and experimental methods to reveal the effects of emotional resilience and gender on judgment bias in connection with the social emotional information. The study used 97 adolescents as the subjects, stories of negative emotional situations as test method, four typical negative emotional incidents in adolescent~ daily life as the experimental mate- rials, and emotional resilience and gender as the key variables. In this study, we first developed some stories of negative emotional situ- ations with good reliability. Then, we had these stories as experimental materials. The results of the experimental study showed that ： （ 1 ） Emotional resilience had effects on judgment bias on the nature of negative emotion incidents. Adolescents of low emotional resilience had more obvious negative judgment than adolescents of high emotional resili- ence when they had experienced negative emotions incidents in general life situations. （2） Gender had no substantive effects on judg- ment bias on the nature of negative emotion incidents. Based on the current findings, we suggest that researchers should pay more attention to adolescents＇cognitive characteristics during the process of social emotional information and the important function of emotional resilience when adolescents confront with negative e- motional incidents. In addition, in future research, researchers may explore the intrinsic neural mechanisms of different emotional resili- ence individuals in process of negative emotion information by advanced technologies.