中美贸易失衡深层次原因分析及中国的应对措施

Deep Cause of Sino-US Trade Imbalance and Its Countermeasure

长期以来,中美贸易严重失衡成为两国经贸关系中各种摩擦的一个主要根源,也成为世界各国所关注的一大焦点。从中美贸易失衡原因的系统分析中可以看出,美国对华高科技产品出口管制、外商对华FDI、国际产业转移、中国现阶段特有的加工贸易方式以及中美消费投资结构差异等因素是导致中美贸易失衡的深层次原因。中国应从扩大内需、优化进口商品结构、促进加工贸易转型升级、协调引进外资与对外投资平衡发展等方面应对中美贸易失衡问题。

The Sino-US trade imbalance has become a major cause for the various frictions in trade relations be- tween these two countries for a long time. It is also the major concern of the whole world. The systematic analysis of the causes of Sino-US trade imbalance shows that U. S. export controls of high-teeh products to China, foreign direct investment, international industrial transfer, the unique way of processing trade in China at this stage, as well as the imbalance of Sino-US consumer investment structure differences are the main deep causes. China should expand domestic demand, optimize the structure of imported goods, promote and upgrade the transforma- tion of processing trade, and coordinate the introduction of foreign capital and foreign investment in the balanced development to deal with the Sino-US trade imbalance.