饭店低碳行为的内部驱动因素研究

An Analysis of Internal Driving Factors for Low-carbon Management in the Hotel Industry

目前,饭店业整体处于高能耗阶段,节能减排势在必行。但由于饭店并非属于碳排放的重点关注产业部门,因此,饭店的低碳管理研究经常被忽视。文章在现有研究文献和成果的基础上,通过聚类分析,将饭店低碳行为分类为低碳保护行为和低碳控制行为两类11个观测变量的指标体系,通过对112家星级饭店问卷样本和专业人士访谈,进行非线性最优尺度回归分析,证实了企业社会责任、感知效益、管理培训等内部驱动因素与饭店低碳行为存在着显著相关关系,并分析了各因素的影响机理。

Following its rapid economic development, the People＇ s Republic of China--one of the world＇ s largest energy consumers--is focusing on reducing carbon emissions. This has been one of the main themes of its economic development. The tourism industry, accounting for about 6% of the total carbon dioxide emissions in China, has always been considered an important sector for reducing carbon emissions. Within the tourism industry the hotel industry is one of the top three main emission sources of greenhouse gases. Therefore, the hotel industry is in a stage of high energy consumption, with less attention paid to low-carbon management compared with that of the manufacturing industry. It is imperative for both environmental and economic reasons to conserve energy and reduce emissions. However, because the hotel industry has been considered a less important source of emissions than industry, there is little research on its low-carbon management. Based on a brief review of relevant research and classification schemes, we used cluster analysis to form 2 categories consisting of 11 indicators. We classified lowcarbon behaviors as protection acts and control behaviors. We then performed nonlinear optimal scaling regression analysis using results from a survey of 112 high-star hotels and specialist research. The survey contained potentialvariables which influence the environmental management of hotels, such as the level of carbon emissions. Finally, we confirmed that the relationship between corporate social responsibility （CSR） , perceived benefits, management training, and low-carbon behavior of hotels was significantly relevant. We also examined the mechanisms underlying the effects of the various factors. These suggest that hotel managers and government agencies should target those factors related to the control of hotel carbon emissions. Our results support the notion thatlow-carbon management, CSR, and enterprise economic conditions influence the degree of implementation of low-carbon protection acts by hotel companies. The results clearly show that low- carbon management is positively associated with the protection acts regarding low-carbon behaviors in hotels. Moreover, we find a positive relationship between enterprise economic conditions and low-carbon protection acts. There is also a significant relationship between CSR and hotels＇ low-carbon protection acts. According to the data of our sample, enterprise economic conditions are more important than the role of management, with management being more important than the influence of CSR. We also show that not onlylow-carbon management, CSR, and enterprise economic conditions influence control behavior, but also technical equipment and perceptions of low-carbon behaviors. Specifically we find that the effect of management is greater than the influence of technical equipment, while CSR＇ s effect on low-carbon control behavior is greater than that of perceptions. Based on these findings, we suggest some approaches to hotel managers and government agencies, such as giving policy funds help to small and medium-sized hotels, promoting management quality, improving CSR and the regular maintenance of hardware facilities, and enhancing the efficiency of energy utilization.