马克思辩证法的三个维度——英美马克思主义学者关于辩证法形态争论的启示

Three Dimension of Marx’s Dialectics——The Interpretation of Anglo-American Marxists’ Controversy about the Forms of Dialectics

关于何为马克思的辩证法,一直存在不同的解释。英美马克思主义学者在新的历史时期重新探讨这一问题,并且引发了新的争论。关于马克思的辩证法形态英美学者做了许多阐释,其中影响比较大的有三种:体系辩证法、历史辩证法与自由辩证法。体系辩证法阐释概念的逻辑,其鲜明特征是追求理论的科学性,它集分析方法、说明方法与解释方法于一体。历史辩证法阐释资本的逻辑,对生产方式的内在矛盾及其辩证运动的总体性把握是历史辩证法的根本内容。自由辩证法阐释解放的逻辑,具有历史具体性、实践性与客观性。英美学者对马克思视域中辩证法的解读涉及的其实是辩证法的三个方面,这三种形态的统一体现了马克思辩证法的当代价值。把这三种解释看成是马克思辩证法的三个维度,不但可以纠正"马克思对黑格尔辩证法的改造一次完成"的流行看法,而且也能够深化对马克思辩证法构成形态的认识。

What the dialectics was in Marx＇s sight has been a philosophical mystery with different interpretations. Anglo-American Marxist scholars re-examine this problem in the new historical period. There are three interpretations of dialectics in Marx＇ s sight by Anglo-American scholars： systematic dialectics ; historical dialectics and freedom of dialectics. Systematic dialectics to explain the logic of the concept; historical dialectics to explain the logic of capital; freedom of dialectics to explain the logic of liberation. If assumption that the relationship between these three dimensions are not excluded, but are linked and complement each other as a whole,it may be not only able to correct the popular view that ＂Marx had reformed Hegelian dialectics only one time＂ but also to provide a new theoretical innovation space for contemporary research of Marxist dialectics.