后危机时代的商业银行改革:任务与路径

The Reform of Commercial Banks at the Post-crisis Era:Mission and Way

货币经营、信用创造、资源配置、系统风险纾解、社会公共服务是银行的基本功能,外部性、脆弱性和社会公共服务属性是银行的本质属性,商业银行本质与功能的内在矛盾,造成了好的银行与好的银行体系的分离。因此,中国银行业改革在实现了好的银行个体之后,在后危机时代,重在构建功能完善的银行体系,包括:完善公司治理、风险与资本管理的主体改革以及包括利率市场化在内的体制环境改革。由于主体改革和环境建设互为条件,同时主体改革具有迟滞惰性,后危机时代的商业银行改革容易陷入前提缺失的逻辑困境。打破这个困境,关键要以外部环境改革推进改革的进程。

Monetary operation, credit creation, resources allotment, system risk settlement as well as social public service are a bank＇s basic functions, and externality, vulnerability as well as public service are a bank＇s essential attributes. The internal conflicts between the nature and the {unctions of commercial banks have led to the deviation of good banks from good banking systems. Therefore, at the post-crisis era when the Chinese banking reform has established good banks, it is essential to construct a well-functioning banking system, which includes the main-body reforms of perfecting corporate governance, risk as well as capital management, and the system reforms such as interest rate marketization. Because the main-body reforms and the system construction condition each other, with the former characterized by inertness, commercial banks at the post-crisis era are likely to fall into the logic dilemma of premise missing. In order to break the predicament, it is essential that the external system reforms help to promote the process of reforming.