开放式创新绩效的测度:理论模型与实证检验

The measurement of open innovation performance:theoretical model and its empirical verification

创新绩效是一个多维的结构,可是现有研究对创新绩效的测度却过渡关注财务视角的评价,从而不能全面衡量企业从开放式创新中得到的综合收益。在剖析现有研究中对开放式创新的绩效评价不足基础上,提出了开放式创新绩效的概念及其维度构成,从财务和战略两个角度构建了开放式创新绩效的理论测度量表,然后收集实证数据,采用EFA方法进行指标筛选、维度定义和理论模型构建,并在最后通过CFA方法对模型进行实证检验。结果表明:开放式创新绩效的测度可以包括财务绩效和战略绩效两个维度,它们分别代表了企业从开放式创新中获得的不同类型收益。

Innovation performance is not a singular dimension; it should include abundant content and measuring index. But extant studies of innovation performance evaluation focus only on the financial perspective, such as Return On Sales （ROS） of new products, quantity of patents, and so on. This kind of innovation performance evaluation does not sufficient to measure the comprehensive gains that enterprises get form open innovation. On the basis of systematic literal analysis, the article raises the concept of open innovation performance, discussed its dimension composing from two viewpoints - financial and strategic. Based on this two -dimensional cate- gorization, sub - dimension of financial open innovation and strategic open innovation performance are also detailed analyzed. Theoreti- cal analysis result indicates that the strategic open innovation performance contains five sub - dimensions, which are innovation poten- tial, innovation management capacity, innovation culture atmosphere, management innovation, competition position. The outcome of theoretical analysis is a scale which can be used for questionnaire setting. After that, through collecting practical surveying data, the selection of dimension items and dimension re - definition are conducted via Exploratory Factor Analysis （ EFA）. Then construct a the- oretical structural model for the assessment of latent variable setting. This step is carried out through Confirmatory Factor Analysis （ CFA）. The final conclusion shows, the evaluation of open innovation performance should be consider financial and strategic simulta- neously. This research extends the appraisal of total gains enterprises get from open innovation from simple financial viewpoint to a more comprehensive degree; thereby provide a basic foundation for more dedicated exploration of relations between open innovation and its benefits.