石墨烯及其复合材料在水处理中的应用

Graphene-Containing Composite Materials for Water Treatment

石墨烯(graphene,GE)是一种由sp2杂化的碳原子以六边形排列形成的周期性蜂窝状二维碳质新材料,具有比表面积大、电子迁移率高和化学稳定性强等特性。本文重点总结了近年来石墨烯及其复合材料应用于水处理吸附剂及光催化剂两个方面的研究进展。石墨烯及其复合材料对于处理重金属、有机污染物等污染物质的吸附效果好,吸附容量高;与光催化材料结合后,石墨烯由于其独特的物理化学特性有效增强了复合材料的光催化特性。最后对各种石墨烯及其复合材料在水处理中的应用作出了评价,同时对它们在水处理中的应用前景做了展望。

Graphene is the basic building block of all graphitic forms of carbon, consisting of a single atomic layer of sp2 hybridized carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb structure. It has many unique properties, including large specific surface area, high electron mobility, good chemical stability and so on. Its synthesis has been investigated in many different fields with potential applications. Importantly, it could be used in pollutants removal in water treatment, which has been drawing more and more attention in recent years. A series of studies have been conducted on graphene-based materials including graphene-based adsorbents and graphene-based photocatalysts. Different kinds of graphene-based adsorbents such as graphene and graphene-containing materials have been gradually applied in the removal of toxic compounds such as heavy metals, dyes, inorganic anions, etc. In addition, graphene-based photocatalysts, including graphene-complex photocatalyst composites, graphene oxide- complex photocatalyst composites and reduced graphene oxide-complex photocatalyst composites are also discussed in pollutants removal and environmental remediation. In the end, the problems in the application of graphene-based materials in water treatment are poited out, then the roles of graphene-based materials in pollutants removal are summarised and prospects for future research in this field are proposed.