HCHs降解菌Sphingomonas sp.BHC-A在海南土壤中的应用效果评价

Application Evaluations of Sphingomonas sp.BHC-A to Degrade HCHs in Hainan Field Soil

利用HCHs高效矿化菌Sphingomonas sp.BHC-A,对海南省澄迈县蔬菜种植区土壤微量残留的六六六(HCHs)进行微生物降解应用基础研究,评价BHC-A对HCHs的降解效果及其对土壤酶(脲酶、过氧化氢酶和纤维素酶)与土壤微生物群落的影响。结果表明:(1)BHC-A对该试验区土壤中残留的α-HCH和γ-HCH均具有降解作用,其中对γ-HCH的降解效果最为明显,27 d降解率达100%。(2)BHC-A对土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶和纤维素酶活性存在显著促进作用,27 d时3种酶活性均高于对照土壤。(3)BHC-A对土壤细菌在短期(15 d)内存在促进作用,对放线菌在短期(15 d)内存在抑制作用,15 d后两者数量均恢复到对照水平;BHC-A对土壤真菌的影响较小,27 d内处理与对照无明显差异。说明降解菌BHC-A能够快速清除土壤残留HCHs,且不干扰试验区土壤可培养微生物群落结构。

Sphingomonas sp.BHC-A was introduced to facilitate the degradation of HCHs residue in a vegetable planting field of Hainan. The purposes of this research were： to evaluate HCHs degradation effect after BHC-A application in the field, to explore the influence of strain BHC-A on soil enzymes （urease, catalase and cellulase） and soil culturable microbial communities. After applying bioremediation agent of BHC-A, it was found that α-HCH and γ-HCH concentration in the soils was decreased significantly, and the reduction rate of 3,-HCH reached above 100%. Besides, BHC-A had notable effect on the quantity of culturable microbe and the activity of the enzymes. The effects of BHC-A on soil microbes were different within 15 days, namely, promoting soil bacteria, inhibiting soil actinomycetes and no impact on soil fungi. Moreover, the degrading bacteria BHC-A could promote the activity of the soil enzymes. These results indicated that the strain BHC-A was able to facilitate the degradation of HCHs residues in Hainan field soil and no harmful effect on soil enzymes and soil cuhurable microbes.