甘南高原沼泽湿地秋季纤毛虫物种多样性及其与环境因子的关系

Ciliate species diversity and its relationships with environmental factors in plateau swamp wetlands of southern Gansu Province, Northwest China in autumn

用非淹没培养皿法、活体观察法和蛋白银染色法,对甘南高原沼泽湿地秋季纤毛虫物种多样性进行了研究,并采用灰色系统关联分析法分析了各样点纤毛虫群落组成参数与其生存环境因子间的关系。结果表明:6个样点共鉴定出157种纤毛虫,隶属于3纲11目34科53属,其中包括1个新种,24个未定名种,4个国内新纪录种。在鉴定到的纤毛虫中,下毛目为优势类群,前口目为次优势类群,寡毛目和袋形目为罕见类群,常见类群包括肾形目、篮口目、管口目、膜口目、盾纤目、异毛目和缘毛目。甘南高原沼泽湿地纤毛虫物种丰富,群落结构复杂,生境类群构成特殊,罕见种和特有种所占比例较大,广布种所占比例较小。灰色系统关联分析表明,各采样点纤毛虫物种丰度与其微生境环境因子密切相关,其中有机质和铵态氮是影响高原沼泽湿地纤毛虫群落稳定性的主要因素。

By using non-flooded Petri dish method, live observation, and protargol dyeing, this paper studied the ciliate species diversity in the plateau swamp wetlands of southern Gansu Prov- ince in autumn, with the relationships between the ciliate community＇ s structural parameters and environmental factors analyzed by grey relational analysis. At six sampling sites, a total of 157 ciliate species were collected, belonging to 53 genera, 34 families, 11 orders, and 3 classes, among which, 1 species was new, 24 species were uncertain, and 4 species were newly recorded in China. Among the species identified, Hypotrichida was the most predominant group, followed by Prostomatida, while Oligorichida and Bursariomorphida were of rare groups. The common groups included Colpodida, Nassulida, Cyrtophorida, Hymenostomatida, Scuticociliatida, Het- erotrichida, and Peritrichida. Due to the habitat peculiarity in the plateau swamp wetlands, the ciliate species diversity and community complexity were high, rare and endemic species had grea- ter proportion, while cosmopolitan species occupied smaller proportion. Grey relational analysis showed that the abundance of ciliate species at the sampling sites had close correlations with the microhabitat environmental factors, among which, organic matter and ammonium nitrogen con- tents were the major factors affecting the ciliate community stability in tile plateau swamp wet- lands.