职业性噪声致双耳高频听损人群心血管疾病相关指标的调查

Cardiovascular Disease Related Indices in Workers with Occupational Noise Induced Binaural High Frequency Hearing Loss

[目的]调查职业性噪声致双耳高频听损人群的心血管疾病相关指标。[方法]以某火力发电厂工人为研究对象，排除有心脑血管、肝、肾等重大疾病史，高血压、糖尿病、冠心病家族史及酗酒史，研究对象共126例。按双耳高频听阈分为对照组[≤25dB（HL），64例]、轻度损伤组[26～40aB（HL），39例]、重度损伤组[≥41dB（HL），23例]。分析每组人员的空腹血糖、血胆固醇、血三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量及高血压患病率、sT段压低阳性率。[结果]随双耳高频听阈增加，各组间血胆固醇、空腹血糖含量及高血压患病率、ST段压低阳性率呈增高趋势（P〈0．05）。轻度、重度损伤组中血三酰甘油明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）。高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇在各组间差异无统计学意义（P〉O．05）。[结论]双耳高频听阈损伤可能与某些心血管疾病相关指标存在不同程度的相互作用，保护噪声从业人员听力可能是降低心血管疾病危险因素的职业措施。

[ Objective ] To identify cardiovascular disease related indices in workers with occupational noise induced binaural high frequency hearing loss. [ Methods ] After excluding those with history of cardiovascular, liver, kidney diseases, family history of hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart diseases, and history of alcohol abuse, 126 workers in a thermal power plant were enrolled in the study. The subjects were divided into control group [ ≤25 dB （hearing loss range, HL）, 64cases ], mild injury group [ 26-40dB （HL）, 39cases ], and severe injury group [ ≥41 dB （HL）, 23cases ] according to binaural high frequency hearing threshold test. Fasting plasma glucose （FPG）, total cholesterol （TC）, triglyceride （TG）, high density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）, low density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）, hypertension prevalence, and ST-segment depression positive rate were analyzed. [ Results ] There were increasing tendencies in TC, FPG, hypertension prevalence, and ST-segment depress positive rate along with the increase of binaural high frequency hearing threshold in each group （P 〈 0.05）. The TG levels in the mild injury group and the severe injury group were significantly higher than those in the control group （P 〈 0.05）. No significant difference in HDL-C and LDL-C was found among the groups （P〉0.05）. [ Conclusion ] The results suggest that binaural high frequency hearing loss may interact with some cardiovascular disease related indices. Protection against hearing loss might be a part of cardiovascular diseases control program.