中国粮食生产政策体系现状及完善建议

Study on Status and Suggestions of China′s Grain Production Policy System

粮食安全是关系国计民生的重要问题,历来受到中国政府的重视。为了从根本上保障粮食供给,夯实国家粮食安全的基础,中国制定了一系列确保和促进粮食生产政策。深入分析了目前中国包括粮食补贴政策、粮食价格政策、产粮大县奖励政策、农业保险政策、土地政策和税费改革等在内的粮食生产政策体系及其实施效果,并通过与发达国家粮食生产政策体系对比研究,提出完善中国粮食生产政策体系的建议:完善粮食补贴政策、改进粮食最低收购价及粮食存储政策、建立健全政策性农业保险制度、强化粮食产销区的利益协调和优化粮食市场调控机制。

As the foundation of national development and social stability, food security is crucial to the national economy and the livelihood of people, which draws more attention from Chinese government. In order to protect the grain supply fundamentally and consolidate the basis of national food security, China formulated a series of policies to promote grain production and has formed grain production policy system, mainly including grain subsidy policy, grain price policy, the major grain-producing county incentives, agricultural insurance policy, land policy, the tax-for-free reform. Based on the deep analysis of present grain production policy system and its effectiveness, and comparing with the developed countries, the policy suggestions were proposed in this paper, including the improvement measures about the grain subsidy policy, minimum grain purchase price and grain storage policy, agriculture insurance system, the interests coordination between main grain production and marketing areas, and the regulation mechanism of grain market.