河南省郑州市各级医院出生缺陷儿监测情况分析

Perinatal surveillance of birth defects in Zhengzhou City

目的:动态分析郑州市各级医院出生缺陷发生情况,为出生缺陷预防提供决策依据。方法:对2011年7月～2012年6月郑州市各级医院正常分娩婴儿及治疗性引产的围产儿进行出生缺陷监测。结果:共监测围产儿138376例,死亡1408例,死亡率为10.18‰;出生缺陷儿1315例,出生缺陷率为953.4‰;1408例死亡围产儿中缺陷儿488例,占34.66%;≥35岁孕妇分娩围产儿出生缺陷率1260.6‰;缺陷儿产前诊断率为45.40%,产前诊断的出生缺陷疾病前3位分别是先天性心脏病、总唇裂和先天性脑积水,出生后诊断的出生缺陷疾病前3位分别是多指(趾)、外耳畸形和总唇裂。结论:出生缺陷是围产儿死亡的主要原因,重视优生知识宣传,加强产前筛查,提高产前诊断技术是降低出生缺陷儿出生的关键。

Objective： To investigate the status of birth defects in Zhengzhou City, and to provide a evidence base for the countermeasures. Methods ： Birth defects were monitored in the childbirths of normal deliveries and those of therapeutic induction of labor in the hospitals of Zhengzhou City, from July 2011 to June 2012. Results： The perinatal mortality was 10.18% （1,408/138,376）, of which 34.66% （488/1,408） were the deaths with birth defect（s）. The incidence of birth defect（s） was 9.53/10,000 （ 1,315/128,376）. The incidence of birth defect（s） in the children of the mothers over 35 years old was the highest （126.06/10,000）. The prenatal diagnosis rate of birth defect （s） was 45.40%. The top three birth defects prenatally diagnosed were congenital heart disease, total cleft lip and congenital hydrocephalus, while the top three birth defects postnatally diagnosed were multi - finger （ toe）, outer ear deformity and total cleft lip. Conclusion： Birth defects have become one of the major causes of perinatal deaths. Perinatal education and prenatal screening should be strengthened. The improved prenatal diagnostic techniques is the key to reducing birth defects in children born.