走廊—前室缓冲区在典型高层建筑火灾烟气控制中的数值分析

Numerical Analysis of Smoke Control for "Corridor-Atria Buffer" in Typical High-Rise Building Fire

近几年来,随着社会经济的高速发展,高层建筑火灾的发生频率也随之增长。高层建筑火灾逃生一直是高层建筑火灾的难题,本文采用Fire Dynamic Simulation(FDS)场模拟软件,通过对高层建筑典型走廊形式(条形走廊、L形走廊、环形走廊)设立"走廊—前室缓冲区"研究其火灾状态下的烟气状态,比较其温度场,浓度场,以及各自排烟效果。结果显示,"走廊—前室缓冲区"的设置对高层建筑典型走廊形式的火灾烟气控制都有很好的影响,基本能保证安全疏散时间内"走廊—前室缓冲区"无烟区域的形成,便于火灾时人员疏散,其机械效率也较传统的正压送风有显著提高。

In recent years, with the rapid socioeconomic development, the frequency of high-rise building fire increases. Evacuation for people has become a difficulty in high-rise building fire. In this paper, Fire Dynamic Simulation （FDS） is applied to simulate the typical corridor model （straight corridor, L-shaped corridor and ring-shaped corridor） of high-rise building fire by establishing ＂Corridor-Atria Buffer＂, in which the temperature and concentration field are compared, as well as their own efficiency of smoke emission. The results reflect that the setting of ＂Corridor-Atria Buffer＂ has a good effect on the typical corridor models in highrise buildings, which ensure there is a no-smoking zone to make sure that people can be evacuated within safety evacuation time, and also significantly increase the efficiency of smoke extraction compared to the traditional model.