“西陵知母”有效成分动态积累研究

Studies on the Dynamic Accumulation of the Effective Components in "Xiling Zhimu"

目的揭示栽培"西陵知母"一年中不同时期有效成分变化趋势。方法分别以菝葜皂苷元、知母皂苷AIII、芒果苷、新芒果苷为指标,分析该四年生知母在采挖当年3～11月份之间各类指标成分的动态变化情况,其中菝葜皂苷元、知母皂苷AIII采用HPLC-ELSD进行检测,芒果苷、新芒果苷采用HPLC-UV检测。结果菝葜皂苷元的含量在4月份最高,达到13.05 mg.g-1,至11月份达到最低的6.10 mg.g-1;知母皂苷AIII含量在六月达到全年的最高峰的8.54 mg.g-1,然后快速下降,在8月降至接近全年的最低点的2.49 mg.g-1;而芒果苷和新芒果苷的含量在整个年度中的变化波动较大,且两者的变化趋势基本相反。结论明确了西陵知母一年中各成分变化趋势和规律,验证了西陵当地知母于每年春、秋季采挖,春季优于秋季的采挖习惯。

Objective To reveal the variation trends of the effective components in cultivate Xiling Zhimu collected in different periods in one year. Methods Collecting four - year aged Zhimu sample in the fixed testing zone from March to November in the year of 2008, with sarsasapogenin, Anemasaponin A m, neomangiferin, mangiferin in HPLC as target, depict the dynamic change trends of the effective components in cultivate Xiling Zhimu. The HPLC - ELSD and external standard method were used for the content determination of sarsasapongenin and Anemasaponin A m, HPLC - UV method for the content determination of mangiferin and neomangiferin. Results In study of the dynamic change state, the content of sarsasapogenin reached to tiptop （ 13.05 mg~ g-＇ ） in April, fluctuated a little until September, then descended rapidly to the bottom （6.10 mg~ g-~ ） in November. To Ane- masaponin A llI, the content reached to tiptop （ 8.54 mg ~ g- 1 ） in June and descended to the bottom （ 2.49 mg~ g - ~ ） in Au- gust. The content of neomangiferin and mangiferin fluctuated much all the year. What＇s more, the trends of their dynamic change states were converse. Conclusion The results showed the variation trends of the effective components in cultivate Xiling Zhimu collected in different periods in the year and gave a support that cultivate Xiling Zhimu should be collected in spring or autumn, and that in spring is better than in autumn.