固定化微生物修复石油污染土壤影响因素研究

Study on influencing factors of immobilized microorganisms for remedying oil-contaminated soil

针对石油污染土壤修复,利用实验室已筛选的高效石油降解单菌SM-3,以天然有机材料为载体,吸附法制备固定化微生物。将游离与固定化微生物应用于室内花盆模拟修复石油污染土壤,对C/N/P、微生物投加量、石油含量、氧化剂和表面活性剂设计5因素4水平正交实验,探讨不同修复时期各影响因素的重要性顺序,最佳条件下各菌株的修复效果。结果表明,不同微生物在不同降解时期,各影响因素的重要性会发生变化;经过21 d的修复,固定化单菌SM-3石油降解率为22.77%,修复过程中,接种量是最重要的影响因素,营养元素N、P投加影响较大,表面活性剂和氧化剂影响次之。

Aiming to remedy the oil-contaminated soil, high-efficiency oil-degrading single strain SM-3 which had been screened in the laboratory was elected as experimental strain. Use natural organic materials as carriers to obtain immobilized microorganism by adsorption method. Free and immobilized microorganisms were applied to simulate and remedy the oil-contaminated soil in the indoor pot. The orthogonal experiment of five factors （C/N/P, inoculated quantity, oil content, oxidant and surfactant） and four levels was designed to investigate the sequence of the importance of each influencing factor in different remedial periods and the remedial effect of each strain under their respective optimum conditions. The experiment showed that for different microorganisms, the importance of each factor changed in different periods. After the remediation of 21 days, the oil degradation rate of immobilized single strain SM-3 was 22.77%. During the biodegradation, inoculated quantity was the most important factor. Nutrients nitrogen and phosphorus had a relative greater effect on degradation rate compared with the influence of oxidant and surfaetant.