有色冶金过程建模与优化的若干问题及挑战

Modeling and Optimization Problems and Challenges Arising in Nonferrous Metallurgical Processes

有色金属工业发展正面临资源、能源与环境的严重制约,而有色冶金过程建模与优化是实现有色冶金生产节能降耗减排的关键技术之一.论文从有色冶金过程的特点出发,首先探讨了有色冶金过程的机理建模、连续搅拌釜式反应器(Continuous stirred tank reactor,CSTR)模型和智能集成建模的理论与方法,提出了智能集成建模的描述方法,归纳了模型的集成形式,给出了工业应用上的几类智能集成模型;然后围绕有色冶金过程工程优化,讨论了操作模式优化、软约束调整满意优化、多目标智能优化等方法,并阐述了大型湿法炼锌电解过程的综合优化控制技术;最后探讨了有色冶金过程建模与优化所面临的新挑战.

Challenges in current development of nonferrous metallurgical industry include resource shortage, energy crisis and environmental pollution. As one of the key techniques, methods of modeling and optimization are extensively used to save energy, reduce consumption and emissions in the nonferrous metallurgical processes. In this paper, firstly, the modeling problem for nonferrous metallurgical process is considered. Based on the characteristics of the nonferrous metallurgical processes, several methods and theories for the modeling of nonferrous metallurgical processes, including the mechanism- based, continuous stirred tank reactor （CSTR）-based, and intelligent integrated modeling methods, are investigated. We focus on the description method in intelligent integrated modeling and its integration structures, and give some types of intelligent integrated models in various industrial applications. Secondly, the engineering optimization problem arising in nonferrous metallurgical process is considered. Some engineering optimization methods, including operational-pattern optimization, satisfactory optimization with soft constraints adjustment, multi-objective intelligent optimization methods, and a comprehensive optimal control technique for a large-scale zinc electrolysis process are illustrated. In the end, some new challenges in process modeling and optimization are discussed.