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盐酸右美托咪啶对老年人麻醉苏醒期拔管应激反应的影响 被引量:11

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摘要 目的:研究在全麻苏醒期使用盐酸右美托咪啶对老年患者麻醉苏醒期拔管应激反应的影响。方法:随机选择40例择期全麻下经口快速静脉诱导插管的老年患者(65~85周岁)患者进行研究,用简单随机抽样法随机分为2组,每组20例:生理盐水对照组(NS组)和右美托咪定组(DEX组,0.5μg·kg-1)。记录2组患者在麻醉诱导前(T0)、推注右美托咪定或生理盐水前即刻(T1)、拔管前即刻(T2)、拔管时(T3)和拔管后1 min(T4)、5 min(T5)、10 min(T6)的HR、RR、SBP、DBP值。并同时记录在各时间点的Ramsay镇静评分,以及拔管期间的呛咳评分和躁动评分。结果:2组拔管时间无显著差异(P>0.05)。与诱导前相比,用药后DEX组HR显著降低(P<0.01),SBP、DBP无明显差异(P>0.05),拔管时HR、SBP,DBP均略有上升,拔管后5、10 min时HR、SBP、DBP、RR与诱导前无明显差异(P>0.05);NS组HR、SBP、DBP在苏醒拔管期间均显著高于诱导前,且高于DEX组(P<0.01)。NS组寒颤发生率高于DEX组(P<0.05)。右美托咪定用于老年患者苏醒期间DEX组呛咳评分和躁动评分显著低于NS组(P<0.01);Ramsay评分和回忆度评分显著高于NS组(P<0.01)。所有患者在拔管期间均无缺氧、呼吸抑制和气道痉挛发生。NS组和DEX组寒战的发生率分别为6/20和0/20(P<0.01),2组恶心、呕吐、声嘶、咽痛的发生率差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:右美托咪定用于老年患者苏醒期拔管,能明显减轻患者的血压波动,但可导致心率减慢,同时能减少呛咳和躁动的发生,产生良好的遗忘作用,并能减少寒战的发生率,且不延长拔管时间。
出处 《中国医院药学杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2013年第5期414-416,共3页 Chinese Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
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