中国森林生态效益补偿标准制度研究——基于10省地方立法文本的分析

On China’s Forest Ecological Benefit Compensation Criteria——Based on Analysis of the Text of the 10 Provincial Local Legislation

通过分析地方立法文本森林生态补偿标准的现实结构可以看出,中央立法对地方立法有牵引和拉动作用,森林生态补偿的单项和专项地方立法出现立法位阶逐渐提高趋势,但同时也存在层层授权过多以及自己授权自己问题。森林生态补偿标准制度体系内容发展方向包括：单一补偿标准逐渐被多样化的分类标准取代;以最低补偿标准为基础的法定补偿标准将长期处于主导地位,法定补偿标准和协定补偿标准相结合趋势也比较明显;补偿标准内部分配更加细化和具有可操作性。未来发展思路包括：在补偿原则方面,实现适当补偿与公平补偿相结合,在适当补偿的基础上逐渐实现公平补偿;在补偿标准体系方面,以最低补偿标准为基础,建立分级和分类相结合的补偿标准体系,同时不断探索实施租赁、购买等协定标准方式。

Analysis on the realistic structure of forest ecological compensation standard in the local legislative texts, we can see central legislation have traction and pulling effect on local legislation. And individual and special local legislation relative to ecological compensation standard rank have a trend to gradual increase. At the same time there are also too many layers of authorization or authorized himself. Direction of development of forest ecological compensation standard include： a single compensation standards will be replaced by the diverse standards gradually, Legal standards will be in a dominant position for a long time, which have a combining trend to agreed standards, the internal allocation of standard show more detailed and operability. Future development ideas include： in the principle of compensation, the combination of appropriate compensation and fair compensation, and gradually achieve fair compensation based on appropriate compensation; In the standard system, the combination of grading and classification system, based on the minimum compensation standards, continue to explore the implementation of agreements such as lease, purchase.