脑出血患者医院感染的危险因素分析

Risk factors of nosocomial infections in patients with intracerebral haemorrhage

目的分析医院脑出血患者医院感染的相关因素,探讨其相关的预防措施,降低感染率。方法回顾性分析医院神经内科2010年1月-2011年12月收治的脑出血患者病历资料604例,统计分析脑出血患者医院感染的危险因素。结果 604例脑出血患者中共有82例发生医院感染,医院感染的发生率为13.6%,其中感染部位主要以呼吸道和泌尿道为主,分别占54.9%和22.0%,其次为胃肠道和皮肤,分别占所有感染的13.4%和6.1%;单因素分析显示,年龄>65岁、住院时间>21d、有意识障碍和侵入性医疗操作的患者具有较高的医院感染率(P<0.05)。结论脑出血患者医院感染率高,年龄、住院时间、有无意识障碍和侵入性医疗操作是其医院感染的高危因素。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the risk factors of nosocomial infections in patients with intracerebral haemorrhage and explore its prevention measures so as to reduce the infection rate.METHODS The clinical data of 604 cases of patients with intracerebral haemorrhage who were treated in the neurology department from Jan 2010 to Dec 2011 were retrospectively analyzed,and the risk factors of the nosocomial infections in the patients with intracerebral haemorrhage were statistically analyzed.RESULTS Of 604 patients with intracerebral haemorrhage,the nosocomial infection occurred in 82 cases with the incidence rate of 13.6%.The respiratory tract and the urinary tract were the main infection sites,accounting for 54.9% and 22.0%,respectively,followed by the digestive tract（13.4%） and the skin（6.1%）.The χ2 analysis showed that the nosocomial infections were closely related to the age（65 years）,hospital stay（21 days）,disturbance of consciousness and invasive operation（P0.05）.CONCLUSION The incidence rate of the nosocomial infections is high in the patients with intracerebral haemorrhage.The age,hospital stay,disturbance of consciousness,and invasive operation are the high-risk factors for the nosocomial infections.