铜绿假单胞菌临床分布及耐药性分析

Distribution and drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosain hospital

目的了解医院近4年铜绿假单胞菌的分布及其对各种抗菌药物的耐药性,为临床用药提供指导。方法回顾性分析2007年1月-2010年12月临床标本分离的铜绿假单胞菌的分布及对各种抗菌药物的耐药性。结果 4年共分离铜绿假单胞菌2236株,占所有分离株的16.7%,其中从痰液中分离1750株占78.3%;分离菌对哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、头孢他啶、头孢吡肟、阿米卡星、庆大霉素、妥布霉素有较好的敏感性;铜绿假单胞菌对氨苄西林、氨苄西林/舒巴坦、头孢唑林、头孢曲松、头孢替坦、呋喃妥因表现为天然耐药,多药耐药株和泛耐药株逐年递增,多药耐药株从2007年的76株增加至2010年210株,泛耐药株从2007年的9株增加至2010年的43株。结论铜绿假单胞菌是医院感染的常见致病菌之一,易产生多药耐药性,了解其临床分布和耐药性变迁,以期为临床治疗提供最新的耐药性资料,以便更好地控制铜绿假单胞菌的感染。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from the hospital so as to guide the clinical rational use of drugs.METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed for the distribution and drug resistance of the P.aeruginosa strains isolated from various clinical specimens from Jan 2007 to Dec 2010.RESULTS A total of 2236 strains of P.aeruginosa were isolated from the clinical specimens during the four years,accounting for 16.7%,there were 1750（78.3%） strains isolated from the sputum specimens.The isolated bacteria were highly sensitive to piperacillin/tazobactam,ceftazidime,cefepime,amikacin,gentamicin,and tobramycin.The P.aeruginosa strains showed the natural resistance to ampicillin,ampicillin/sulbactam,cefazolin,ceftriaxone,cefotetan,and nitrofurantoin.The multidrug-resistant strains and the pandrug-resistant strains increased year by year,the multidrug-resistant isolates increased from 76 strains in 2007 to 210 strains in 2010,and the pandrug-resistant strains increased from 9 strains in 2007 to 43 strains in 2010.CONCLUSION The P.aeruginosa is one of the most common species of pathogens causing nosocomial infections and is prone to produce the multidrug-resistance.The latest data of the drug resistance can be acquired for the clinical treatment through understanding the change of the clinical distribution and the drug resistance so as to control the P.aeruginosa infections better.