医院泌尿道感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析

Distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing nosocomial urinary tract infections

目的分析医院泌尿道感染病原菌的分布及耐药性,为临床预防泌尿道感染病原菌及合理使用抗菌药物提供科学依据。方法采用VITEK-2全自动微生物仪进行鉴定及药敏试验;WHONET 5.3软件分析病原菌的分布及耐药性。结果分离的1037株病原菌中,革兰阴性杆菌占51.2%,以大肠埃希菌为主;真菌占33.8%,以热带假丝酵母菌为主;革兰阳性球菌占15.0%,以粪肠球菌、屎肠球菌为主;肠杆菌科细菌对碳青霉烯类抗菌药物敏感性高,敏感率>70.0%,两种肠球菌对糖肽类及替加环素均表现出100.0%的敏感。结论随着抗菌药物的广泛应用,耐药性问题越来越严重;临床医师应时刻关注泌尿道感染病原菌的种类及对临床常用抗菌药物的敏感情况,以合理选用抗菌药物。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the distribution and antibiotic resistance of pathogens causing urinary tract infections so as to provide scientific basis for the clinical prevention of urinary tract infections and reasonable use of antibiotics.METHODS The isolated strains were taken for identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test by using VITEK-2 automatic microbiological apparatus,the pathogen distribution and drug resistance were analyzed by WHONET 5.3 software.RESULTS Of 1037 strains of isolated pathogens,the gram-negative bacteria accounted for 51.2%,among which Escherichia coli was dominant,the fungi accounted for 33.8%,among which Candida tropicalis was dominant,and the gram-positive cocci accounted for 15.0%,among which Enterococcus feces and Enterococcus faecalis were the predominant species.The results of drug susceptibility testing showed that the drug susceptibility rates of the Enterobacteriaceae to carbapenems were higher than 70.0%,and the two species of Enterococci showed 100.0% sensitive to glycopeptides and tigecycline.CONCLUSION A long with the broad use of antimicrobial drugs,the drug resistance becomes more and more serious.The clinicians should pay close attention to the species of pathogens causing urinary tract infections and the drug susceptibility to common antibiotics so as to choose antibiotics reasonably.