2型糖尿病肾病大鼠模型的建立及其肾脏病理特点

Establishment of Rat Models of Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy and its Pathological Structural Changes

目的:探讨糖尿病肾病大鼠模型建立的最优方法及模型的病理特点。方法:32只SD雄性大鼠随机分为4组,每组8只,高脂高糖饮食组(A),手术+高脂高糖饮食组(B),手术+高脂高糖+一次中剂量STZ组(C),手术+高脂高糖+三次小剂量STZ组(D),分别给予不同处理,并在10周后检测大鼠的空腹血糖、血脂、肾功、白蛋白、24 h尿蛋白定量、肾指数及肾脏病理。结果:C组的成模率62.5%,D组的成模率100%,C、D组的空腹血糖、甘油三酯、尿蛋白定量、肾指数明显高于A、B组,白蛋白明显低于A、B组;C、D两组模型的肾脏病理结果均显示了糖尿病肾病的病理改变。结论三联法制作的2型糖尿病肾病模型与人类的2型糖尿病肾病病理相近似,三次小剂量STZ注射较一次中剂量STZ组成模率更高,是制作糖尿病肾病模型更为理想的方法。

Objective ：To explore the better way for establishing type 2 diabetic nephropathy rat models and its kidney pathologic change. Methods：32 male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. The control rats were given sugrose fat enrich diet only and be named group A. Group B , C and D were all to receive sugrose fat en rich diet and left nephrectomy, but the difference was that group B didn t receive STZ, while group C were to re ceive a single dose of intraperitoneal injection of STZ at a dose of 35mg/kg and group D were given intraperitoneal injection of STZ for three times at a dose of 20mg/kg. After 19 weeks of establishment of diabetic nephropathy rat models, blood was collected to test the fasting blood glucose, serum creatinine, albumin, cholesterol, triglyceride, 24 hour urinary protein quantitative, kidney index and renal pathology. Result： 62.5% rats in group c were reached criterion, but 100% in group D. Fasting blood glucose, serum triglyceride, urine protein quantitative and kidney index in group C and D were obviously higher than them in group A and B, while albumin obviously lower than group A and B. Furthermore, their pathology results also show the pathological changes of the nephropathy. Conclusions ： Rat model of type 2 diabetic nephropathy can be successfully developed type 2 diabetic by high fat and high glucose diet with three low doses STZ and Unilateral nephrectomy. The pathologieal changes of the model made by this method resembles human＇s. Compared with a single medium dosage STZ injection, its success rate was higher.