粤东地区入侵植物的克隆性与入侵性研究

Study on the Clonality and Invasiveness of Invasive Plants in East Guangdong

为了研究粤东地区外来种的入侵机制,通过野外调查与文献查阅,对粤东地区入侵植物的入侵性与克隆性进行统计和分析。结果表明,粤东地区入侵植物种类丰富,隶属38科约127种,其中70.08%的植物原产美洲,尤其是南美洲(51.18%);各入侵性(强、中、弱)包含的入侵植物种数依次为22、42、63种;具有克隆性的入侵植物共约55种,占全部入侵植物的43.31%;在强、中、弱3种入侵性中,具有克隆性的种数分别为10、15、30,所占比例分别为45.45%、35.71%、47.62%。粤东地区入侵植物的克隆性与入侵性之间存在一定的相关性,具有克隆性的植物能快速的增大植株和累积生物量而成为入侵群落中的单优种群,因此克隆性是部分外来植物成功入侵粤东地区的重要机制之一。

The aim was to study the invasive mechanism in East Guangdong. The clonality and invasiveness ot invasive plants in East Guangdong were counted and analyzed through field investigation and consulting literature. The results showed that there were 127 species of invasive plants, belonging to 48 families, in East Guangdong, about 70.08% of them were native to America, especially originated in South America （51.18%）. Invasiveness of alien plants was divided into three grades according to their harm degree to invasive area, such as strong, middle and weak, etc. 22, 42 and 63 species belonged to the strong, middle and weak invasiveness, respectively. The number of invasive plants with clonality was about 55 species and accounted for 43.31% of all invasive plants. 10, 15 and 30 species with clonality belonged to the strong, middle and weak invasiveness, and about 45.45%, 35.71% and 47.62%, respectively. There was certain positive correlation between the clonality and invasiveness of invasive plants in East Guangdong, the alien plants with clonality could quickly grow organism, cumulative biomass and be easy to become single dominant species by means of clonal propagation and clonal growth in community invaded, so the clonality was one of important mechanism of the successful invasion for some alien species in East Guangdong.