基于村域范围的农村居民点布局评价与空间格局优化——以重庆石柱县临溪镇前进村为例

The Analysis of Spatial Distribution and Optimization on Rural Settlement Based on Village Region——Taking an Example of Qianjin Village in Linxi Town, Shizhu County, Chongqing

农村居民点布局的调整和格局的优化是新一轮土地利用总体规划的重要内容,对统筹城乡发展、增强区域经济等具有重要的作用,应用ARCGIS空间分析和统计功能技术以及景观指数的定量分析方法,以重庆市石柱县临溪镇前进村为研究区域,分析研究了在村域范围内农村居民点分布特征、居民点分布现状与该村自然、社会、经济等要素间的相互关系,并运用GIS多因素叠加模型,建立农村居民点空间格局优化。结果表明,前进村农村居民点的区位受坡度、河流、道路和耕作环境的综合影响,尤其道路指向更为紧密。前进村就居民点空间格局优化可分为优先发展区、重点发展、保留发展、搬迁区4种类型,该研究为科学指导农村居民点整理提供依据,具有一定的借鉴和扩展意义。

As one of the important contents of the new round of overall planning of land use, the spatial distribution adjustment and optimization of rural residential area play an important part on the balancing urban and rural development, on the enhancing regional economy. Based on the spatial analysis technique, statistic analysis of GIS and landscape ecology theory, the author studied the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of rural settlements in village regions as a case of Qianjin Village of Shizhu County with the major data sources of the second national land survey （including contour line, river, road and rural settlements） at the scale of 1：2000. The results showed that, rural settlements land areas were scattered sites in disorder at present, and main influencing factors included the degree of slope, inconvenient water, road accesses, and the distance from cultivated land. Application of the multi-factor overlay on GIS, the author divided residential into 4 types for optimized spatial distribution： forbidden construction zone, restricted construction zone, preferential construction zone and primary construction zone. The methodology was valuable for guiding land use settle on rural settlements.