不同生育期光合叶面积对人参皂苷含量的影响

The Effect of the Different Development Stages Photosynthetic Leaf Area on the Contents of Ginsenosides

为了研究不同茎叶数人参在不同生育期人参皂苷含量变化规律,以3年生、4年生三茎、二茎和单茎人参为研究对象,以人参皂苷为检测指标,采集集安不同茎叶数和不同生育期的人参,用紫外分光光度计法测定总皂苷含量,并用HPLC法测定7种单体皂苷的含量,比较其变化规律。(1)人参皂苷的含量随生长年限的增加而增加;在不同的生育期内,3年生、4年生人参在红果期人参总皂苷含量最高,其含量分别为4.46%、4.94%、4.97%、6.69%、5.00%。(2)不同茎数人参、双茎叶人参总皂苷含量高于单茎叶人参和三茎叶人参的总皂苷含量。(3)不同时期参根中单体皂苷含量不同。总体而言,其不同生育期单体皂苷红果期Rb1含量最高,其4年生双茎Rb1含量最高为1.035mg/g;而枯萎期时Rd含量最低,3年生单茎Rd含量最低为0.105mg/g。且不同茎叶数人参,双茎叶人参的单体皂苷高于三茎叶和单茎叶的人参的单体皂苷。人参皂苷的含量与生育期和茎数有密切的关系,建议栽培时做双茎化处理,并在红果期末期采收。

In order to study the rule that different growth stages of ginseng saponins in different stem leaf number ginseng how to change. Born three stems, two stems and single stem ginseng of three to four years old as the research object and take ginseng saponins as testing indexes to compare the variation. Acquisition set different stem number and different growth stages of ginseng in Ji＇ an. The total content of ginsenosides was determined by using ultraviolet spectrophotometry and the contents of 7 kinds of mono ginsenosides was measured by using HPLC, and then the variation was compared. （1） Ginseng saponins content increased with the growth years. In different birth period, born in three or four years, ginseng in the red fruits had the highest contents of total ginseng saponins, 4.46%, 4.94%, 4.97%, 6.69%, 5.00% respectively. （2）The ginsenosides contents in different stem ginseng and double stem ginseng were higher than those of in single stem ginseng and three stem the ginseng. （3）There were different monomers in the root of ginsenosides in different period. Overall, at different growth stages, the monomer saponins had the highest content of Rbl in red fruits. Rbl was 1.035 mg/g in double stem of four years had; and Rd content was the lowest in wilt period. Rd content was the lowest 0.105 mg/g in single stem of three years. The monomer saponins contents in different stem ginseng and double stem ginseng were higher than those of in single stem ginseng and three stem the ginseng. The ginseng sponins content had close relation with do double stem process in plant period, growth period and the number of stem. It suggested that ginseng should and ginseng should be harvested in the last of red fruits.