中国近海主要大中型含油气盆地形成条件类比研究

Comparison of the Geologic Conditions for Forming of the Main Offshore Petroliferous Basins in China

在综合分析中国近海主要含油气盆地(东海陆架盆地、渤海湾盆地、珠江口盆地、北部湾盆地、莺歌海盆地、琼东南盆地)的性质(基底性质、深部结构特征、盆地类型)、沉积—构造特征(构造单元特征、构造演化阶段、沉积特征、沉积沉降速率)和油气地质特征(烃源岩特征、圈闭类型、生储盖组合、油气藏类型)等方面以往研究成果的基础上,探讨了其形成机理。研究认为中国近海主要含油气盆地基底性质相似,同属于陆壳之上的刚性基底,深部结构特征与盆地宏观构造形态相耦合;盆地发育受断裂控制作用明显,经历了相似的构造演化阶段,沉积、沉降中心具有类似的迁移规律;均发育多套烃源岩层系,存在多种生储盖组合类型,圈闭和油气藏类型均以构造型为主。

Through comprehensive analysis of the basin nature （basement property, deep structure and basin types）, sedimentary- structural characteristics （tectonic units features, tectonic evolution stages, sedimentary characteristics and deposition-subsidence rate）, and petroleum geological characteristics（source rocks characteristics, trap types, source-reservoir-caprock assemblages and hydrocarbon reservoir types） of the main offshore oil and gas bearing basins in China （the Bohai Bay basin, the East China Sea shelf basin, the Pearl river mouth basin, the Beibu gulf basin, the Yinggehai basin and the Qiongdongnan basin）, the formation mechanism of these basins has been discussed in this paper. It is believed through study that these basins are similar in basement property, being steady rigid continental basement. The deep structures are coupled with macroscopical structural forms. The development of these basins is controlled obviously by faults, and the tectonic evolution history is similar. The deposition-subsidence center shifted in similar ways. Several sets of source rocks are well developed, and there are many sets of source-reservoir-caprock assemblages, with structural traps dominated.