选择性激光熔化316L不锈钢粉成形优化工艺

Selective laser melting of 316L stainless steel powder molding process optimization

针对选择性激光熔化技术加工零件存在的致密度低、成形精度差和表面光洁度低的问题,利用正交实验的方法优化316L不锈钢粉末成形零件的工艺,研究激光功率、扫描速度、扫描间距对零件成形致密度的影响,分析了试样的表面形貌。实验结果表明:采用选择性激光熔化工艺的316L不锈钢粉末试样有较高致密度,其试样的致密度达80.1%。工艺优化后的参数为激光功率300 W、扫描速度800 mm/s、扫描间距0.08 mm,并在该组优化参数条件下成功制造零件。

Aimed at addressing a lower density, poorer forming accuracy, and lower surtace tinish revealed by selective laser melting technology used to machine parts, this paper proposes an orthogonal experiment method to optimize the technology designed for forming 316L stainless steel powder into parts using selective laser melting process. The paper discusses the study of the effect of laser power, scanning speed and scanning interval on parts forming density and an analysis of the surface morphology of the specimen. Experimental results show that directly melting 316L stainless steel powder into forms leads to the sample boasting a higher density, a density up to 80.1%. The optimized process gives such parameters as 300 W for laser power, 800 mm/s for the scanning speed of, and 0.08 mm for the scanning interval, capable of successfully manufacturing parts at the set of optimized parameters.