2011年信阳市碘缺乏病病情调查结果分析

Analysis on survey results of iodine deficiency disorders in Xinyang City in 2011

目的通过了解和掌握信阳市碘缺乏病现状,综合评价预防控制措施落实效果。方法采用人口容量比例概率抽样方法(PPS)抽取30个县(区)的8～10岁儿童、五年级学生、孕妇和哺乳期妇女进行调查和检测。结果通过触诊法和B超法检查120名8～10岁儿童,甲状腺肿大率为6.7%;监测8～10岁儿童尿样36份,尿碘中位数213.6μg/L;检测居民户食用盐样120份,盐碘中位数为28.8 mg/kg;居民每日摄入盐碘量高于卫生部推荐的150μg/(人.d)的适宜量;监测孕妇和哺乳期妇女尿样90份,尿碘中位数292.8μg/L;121名8～10岁儿童智商为103.7±20.1,智力低下比例占5.0%;共采集水样12份,水碘中位数分别为6.3μg/L;学生碘缺乏病知识健康教育问卷及格率为94.5%,家庭主妇碘缺乏病知识健康教育问卷及格率为73.3%。结论信阳市人群碘营养状况不断得到改善和提高,防治碘缺乏病效果显著,成绩稳固。

[ Objective ] To investigate and explore the current status of iodine deficiency disorders in Xinyang City, evaluate the im-plementation effect of prevention and control measures. [ Methods ] By using sampling method with probability proportional to size （ PPS）, children aged 8-10 years old, students in Grade 5, pregnant women and lactating women were collected to carry out the in-vestigation and detection. [ Results] 120 children aged 8-10 years old were examined by palpation and B-ultrasound, and the inci-dence rate of goiter was 6.7%. 36 urine samples of children aged 8-10 years old were tested, and the median of urinary iodine was 213.6 μg/L. A total of 120 salt samples of residents were determined, and the median of salt iodine was 28.8 mg/kg. The daily intake of salt iodine was higher than the sufficiens quantitas recommended by Ministry of Health （ 150μg/person · day）. 90 urine samples of pregnant women and lactating women were monitored, and the median of urinary iodine was 292.8 μg/L. Average intelli-gence quotient （IQ） of 121 children aged 8-10 years old was 103.7 ± 20.1, and children with mental retardation accounted for 5.0%. The pass rate of the questionnaire survey of health education about iodine deficiency disorders among students was 94.5%, and that among housewives was 73.3%. [ Conclusion] The status of iodine nutrition among residents in Xinyang City has improved, the control effect of iodine deficiency disorders is significant, and the achievements are stable.