化学脱细胞异体神经对大鼠坐骨神经缺损的修复

Effects of chemical extracted acellular nerve on sciatic nerve defects of rats

目的观察化学脱细胞异体神经对大鼠坐骨神经缺损的修复效果。方法成年雄性SD大鼠23只，其中5只取其双侧坐骨神经用于制备脱细胞异体神经，剩余18只随机分为自体神经移植组（A组）和脱细胞异体神经移植组（B组）。所有实验动物均建立左侧坐骨神经1cm缺损模型，暴露右侧坐骨神经作为正常对照。术后分4、8、12周3个时间点分批进行大体观察，检测坐骨神经功能指数（SFI）；术后12周，行肌电图，苏木素-伊红（HE）染色，神经丝蛋白200免疫组织化学和免疫荧光检测。结果术后两组大鼠伤口愈合良好，移植神经的吻合口光滑且无膨大；各时间点的SFI检测结果（A组-83．7、-63．25、-48．6；B组-86．58、-70．69、-57．43），A组均优于B组，但差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；术后12周，A组小腿三头肌湿重恢复率[A组（66．16±19．58）％，B组（45．20±17．17）％]和峰-峰波幅[A组（8．10±2．74）mV，B组5．34±2．67）mV]大于B组，且差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；术后12周，潜伏期[A组（1．80±0．35）ms，B组1．95±0．44）ms]和神经传导速度[A组（27．76±9．84）m／s，B组（22．12±5．98）m／s]，A组结果均高于B组，但差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；苏木素-伊红（I-IE）染色和免疫组织化学观察B组新生的神经纤维与A组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论化学脱细异体神经与自体神经比较，对坐骨神经缺损的修复效果接近。

Objective To investigate the effect of chemical extracted acellular nerve oo sciatic nerve defects of SD rats. Methods Twenty-three adult male SD rats were selected. The sciatic nerves were harvested from five of them to prepare acellular nerves. The remaining 18 rats were divided into two groups ： ＇autologous nerve graft （ group A）, and chemical extracted acellular nerve graft （ group B）. All of the experimental animals were used to establish the left sciatic nerve 1-em long defect models, and the right sciatic nerves were exposed as the controls. At 4th, 8th, and 12th week after operation, the sciatic func- tional index （SFI） was calculated. At 12th week after operation, hematoxylin and eosin （HE） staining, e- lectrophysiology, immunohistochemistry and tissue immunofluorescence were done. Results All the inci- sions healed well after surgery. The anastomotic stomata in transplanting nerves were smooth and not swol- len. SFI at different time points in group A （ - 83.7, - 63.25, - 48. 6） was higher than that in group B （ - 86. 58, - 70. 69, - 57.43 ）, but the difference was not statistically significant （P 〉 0. 05 ）. At 12th week after operation, the wet weight recovery rate of triceps surae muscles [ group A ： （66. 16±19. 58 ） %, group B： （45.20±17.17）% ] and amplitude [ （group A： （8.10±2. 74） mV, group B： （5.34±2. 67） mV ] were higher in group A than in group B, with the difference being significant （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The com- pound muscle action potential [ group A： （ 1.80±0.35 ） ms, group B ： （ 1.95±0.44） ms ] and conduc- tion velocities [group A： （27. 76±9. 84） m/s, group B： （22. 12±5.98） m/s] had no significant differ- ence between two groups （ P 〉 0.05 ）. HE staining and immunohistochemistry revealed that regenerated nerve fibers showed no significant difference between two groups. Conclusion Chemical extracted acellular nerve and autologous nerve exhibited the similar effects on sciatic nerve defects of SD rats.