控释氮肥在新疆葡萄上的肥效及其施肥优化研究

Fertilization Effect as Well as Optimize Fertilize of Controlled Release N Fertilizer on Grape in Xinjiang

以8a生红提葡萄为试材,研究了2种控释氮肥和1种普通氮肥不同用量及不同配比对葡萄产量和品质的影响。结果表明:2种控释氮肥明显能提高葡萄产量,各施氮处理比对照增产11.23%～25.30%,同一氮肥品种下的葡萄产量与单穗重、施氮量呈正相关,3种氮肥品种的单穗重、产量表现为树脂包膜尿素(PCU)>树脂包裹硫衣尿素(SPCU)>普通尿素(PU)>CK,且氮肥农学利用率明显提高。而葡萄品质和单粒重表现出与葡萄产量呈负相关的趋势;控释氮肥掺混一定量的普通氮肥后可以进一步提高葡萄产量,掺入30%和50%尿素的2个处理与单一控释氮肥相比,增产率分别为7.37%、5.79%,应用效果更佳。

Taking 8-year-old red globe grape as material,field experiments were carried out to evaluate the effects of different amounts and mixture ratio of two controlled release of nitrogenous fertilizer and common urea on grape yield and quality. The results showed that nitrogen fertilizer especially 2 kinds of controlled release nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased the yield of grapes. The nitrogen treatments had the range of increasing between 11.23% and 25. 30% than the CK,grape yield and per ear weight,amount of nitrogen was positively correlated, per ear weight and yield of three kinds of nitrogen fertilizer varieties appear PCU〉SPCU〉PU〉CK, and nitrogen fertilizer agronomic efficiency obviously enhanced. While the grape quality and single grain weight showed negatively trend related to the grape yield;controlled release nitrogen fertilizer mixed with a certain amount of ordinary urea could further improve the yield of grapes, two treatments of adding 30% and 50% urea compare with single controlled release nitrogen fertilizer, rate of yield increase was respectively 7. 37 %, 5.79 % ,with good application effect.