湖滨带直立式硬质驳岸特征与生态景观构建模式探析

The characteristics and discussion of ecological and landscape construction mode for vertical horniness revetment type of lakeside zone

湖滨带是水陆生态交错带,具较高的环境、生态、经济及美学价值。但近年来,由于缺乏合理的生态规划意识,多数湖岸建设与改造,忽略了直立式驳岸对湖滨带生态环境的影响,造成湖滨带退化,水生植物消失,生物群落丧失,湖岸生态环境日趋恶化。基于淀山湖湖滨带直立式驳岸带来的水生态环境日趋恶化的现状,分析了水位多变下直立式驳岸型淀山湖湖滨带构建难点,创新阶梯型植物床和消浪、防浪等湖滨带生态景观构建技术,探索出湖滨带直立式驳岸生态景观构建的新模式,实现湖滨带直立式驳岸水生态系统净化与生态景观的有机融合,为我国退化湖滨带生态景观带植物群落生态修复技术的研究提供技术支撑。

Lakeside zones are ecotones between lake and land,with strong environmental,ecological,economic and aesthetic values.In recent years,due to the lack of ecological awareness of scientific and rational planning,most of lakeside zones were rebuilt.Lakeside zones have been degenerated.The aquatic plants have been destroyed,biological communities have been reduced,and the ecological environment of lakeside zone is getting worse and worse.According to the current deterioration of water ecological environment by the vertical revetment of Dianshan Lake,and the functional orientation of ecological landscape restoration,the construction difficulties of lakeside zone with vertical revetment under variable water level in Dianshan Lake are analyzed in this paper.The technologies of ladder type plants bed and reduction of wave and wind are innovated in the program,and finally the new mode of ecological construction and landscape design on lakeside zone with vertical revetment is created,which can suit the variable water level and realize the integrative functions of water ecological purification and ecological waterscape,and this provides a reference to ecological restoration integration technologies with ecological landscape plant communities for China’s degraded lakeside zones.