196株金黄色葡萄球菌的分布及耐药性分析

Clinical distribution and drug resistance of 196 strains of Staphylococcus aureus

目的分析近3年医院住院患者金黄色葡萄球菌(SAU)分离株的临床分布及耐药性,为指导临床治疗SAU感染合理使用抗菌药物提供帮助。方法对196株SAU的分布及耐药性进行调查分析,严格按照《全国临床检验操作规程》进行SAU培养与鉴定,采用CLSI推荐的K-B法进行药敏试验。结果 196株SAU中,48.5%为耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA),51.5%为甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌(MSSA);在95株MRSA中,ICU、呼吸科、神经内科检出率较高,儿科检出率相对较低;SAU对多种常用抗菌药物均产生了不同程度的耐药;MRSA的耐药率均高于MSSA。结论 SAU引起的耐药现象严重,加强耐药性监测,合理使用抗菌药物非常重要。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical distribution and drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus （SAU） isolated from the hospitalized patients during the past three years so as to guide the reasonable use of antibiotics. METHODS The clinical distribution and antimicrobial resistance of 196 strains of S. aureus were investigated and analyzed. The bacterial culture and identification of S. aureus strains were performed according to National Guide to Clinical Laboratory Operation Procedures. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by KB method recommended by CLSL RESULTS Of 196 strains of S. aureus, 48. 5% were methicillin-resistant S. aureus （MRSA）, and 51.5% were methicillin-susceptlble S. aureus（MSSA）. Of 95 strains of MRSA, isolation rate was relatively high in the ICU, respiratory department, or the neurology department,and was low in the pediatrics department. S. aureus strains varied in the drug resistance to various commonly used antibiotics. The drug resistance rate of the MRSA strains was higher than the MSSA strains. CONCLUSION The drug resistance of S. aureusstrains is serious. It is very important to enhance the monitoring of drug resistance and rational application of antibiotics.