陕西省农村已婚育龄妇女生殖道感染现状调查

Current status of reproductive tract infections among rural married women in Shanxi province

目的:了解陕西省农村已婚育龄妇女生殖道感染(RTIs)现状及其影响因素,为有关部门制定和采取干预措施提供科学依据。方法:多阶段、整群抽取陕西省20 878例农村已婚妇女进行妇科临床检查和实验室检查,并进行生殖道感染相关的问卷调查。结果:20 878例妇女中,生殖道感染的患病率为53.4%(11 141例),其中25.4%的患者自我报告无明显症状。而14.6%(3 052例)的妇女患有2种RTIs,7.4%(1 557例)的妇女患有3种或者3种以上RTIs。阴道炎、宫颈炎和盆腔炎的患病率分别为26.1%(5 457例),37.8%(7 893例)和3.9%(810例)。单因素分析,育龄妇女的年龄、职业、文化程度、家庭年收入、结婚年龄、流产次数、分娩次数、生殖道疾病史、每周性行为数量、避孕情况以及过去6个月服用抗生素情况都对生殖道感染的影响有统计学意义。多因素分析发现,年龄越大、职业为农民、家庭年收入较低、较多的流产或分娩次数、经常使用抗生素越有可能罹患生殖道感染。结论:陕西省农村已婚妇女生殖道感染率较高,且受多种因素影响,应采取综合、有效的措施以降低患病率。

Objective： To explore the current status of reproductive tract infections （RTIs） among rural married women and influent factors that contribute to RTIs in rural areas of Shanxi province. Methods ： A total of 20 878 married women in rural Shanxi province were chosen and completed an standardized questionnaire, underwent gynecological examination and laboratory investigation. Results： The total prevalence rate of RTIs of the sample was 53.4% with 25.4% of them were asymptomatic. Multiple infections were common, with 14.6% （3 052/20 878） had two RTIs and 7.4% （ 1 557/20 878） had at least three RTIs. The prevalence rate of vaginitis, cervicitis and pelvic inflammatory disease （PID） was 26. 1% , 37.8% and 3.9% respectively. Single - variable analysis showed that age, occupation, education level of women and their marriageable age, yearly family income, number of induced abortion, number of delivery, history of genital disease, number of having sex per week, condom use when haVing sex, contraception and antibiotics use in the past 6 months were significantly associated with the status of RTIs. Multivariate analysis showed that age, occupation, yearly family income, history of genital disease, history of induced abortion, history of delivery and antibiotics use in the past 6 months were contributing factors to RTIs in our sample. Conclusion： The prevalence rate of RTIs is very high among married women in rural Shanxi province, thus appropriate countermeasures must be taken to deal with the current serious situation.