山东省2011年疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析

Analysis on the Surveillance of Adverse Events Following Immunization in Shandong Province,2011

目的分析山东省2011年疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverse Events Following Immunization,AEFI)的发生特征,评价AEFI监测系统的运转情况。方法通过AEFI监测系统,收集2011年AEFI个案数据,采用描述性方法对AEFI监测系统运转进行评价,对AEFI病例进行流行病学分析。结果 2011年全省142个县(区、市)均有AEFI数据报告,48h内报告率为97.09%,48h内调查率为98.80%。全省AEFI监测系统共收到个案8045例,其中≤1岁占76.97%,男女性别比为1.42:1。报告的AEFI中,国家免疫规划(National Immunization Program,NIP)疫苗占75.71%,首剂接种疫苗占62.92%,其中82.87%发生在接种后≤1d;一般反应占97.05%,预防接种异常反应占2.56%,其中过敏反应和卡介苗淋巴结炎占1.72%。估算全省NIP疫苗常见预防接种异常反应报告发生率为0.09/100万～49.52/100万。8000例(99.44%)治愈或好转;5例(0.06%)死亡,其中预防接种异常反应2例(0.02%);5例(0.06%)有后遗症。结论山东省AEFI监测敏感性和监测质量尚需提高。AEFI常发生在小年龄儿童、NIP疫苗、首剂接种、接种后≤1d,此为监测重点。

Objective To analyze the occurrence features of adverse events following immunization （AEFI） in Shandong province, and to evaluate the implementation of AEFI surveillance system. Methods 2011 AEFI data was collected through the national AEFI information system, which reported before February 1, 2012. The descriptive methodology was used. Results 8045 AEFI cases were reported. Among them, targets aged ≤ 1 year accounted for 76.97 %, the sex ratio of male and female was 1.42：1. National immunization program （NIP）vaccine and the first dose of vaccination had high incidence of AEFi, with 82.87% occurred ≤ 1 day after vaccination. 97.05% AEFIs were common, minor reactions; 2.56% were rare serious reactions, and the primary illness were anaphylaxis and Bacilli Calmette-Guerin vaccine （BCG）suppurative lymphadenitis. The vaccine reaction estimated reporting rate of NIP vaccines were 0.09-49.52 per million. 8000 （99.44%）AEFIs were cured or getting better. In 5 （0.06%）death cases, 2 （0.02%）were vaccine reaction. 5 （0.06%）cases were with sequela. 142 counties reported to the AEFI surveillance system. The reported rate within 48h was 97.09%, and the investigated rate within 48h was 98.80%. Conclusions The sensitivity and quality of AEFI surveillance was still low. AEFIs were often occurred in young children, NIP vaccines, the first dose and ≤ 1 days after vaccination that were the main points of AEFI surveillance.