大学生课堂体验对学习方式影响的实证研究——基于多水平分析的结果

Empirical Research of the Impact on the Learning Style by College Students' Classroom Experience——Based on the Results of Multi-level Analysis

基于全国23个省、自治区和直辖市39所高等学校的74687名大学本科生的学情调查数据,采用两水平分层线性模型分析大学生课堂体验对学习方式的影响,结果显示,我国大学生的课堂体验对学习方式具有显著影响,学校特征也能够改变课堂体验对学习方式的影响程度。此外,学生的学科、年级、性别、学习观等个体特征,以及学校类型和所处区域的学校特征也显著影响大学生的学习方式。转变我国大学生的学习方式,提高高校的人才培养质量,必须改善大学生的课堂体验,深入研究院校差异,依据学科特点创新教育教学方法,尽早做好大学生的心理和学习调适,提高教学设计的针对性。

On the basis of data of 74 687 university students from 39 universities in 23 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in the country, the present study used the two-level hierarchical linear model to investigate the effects of university students＂ course experience on their learning approaches. The results show that Chinese university students＂ course experience significantly affects their learning approaches, and the university characteristics can also change the impact of course experience on learning approaches. In addition, university students＂ learning approaches are affected by individual and university characteristics, including students＂ discipline, grade, gender, conceptions of learning, type of university, location of university and so on. To change Chinese university students＂ learning approaches and promote the quality of talent cultivation in higher education, we should improve university students＂ course experience, deeply investigate institutional differences, innovate teaching methods on the basis of disciplinary differences, help university students complete their psychological and learning adjustments, and focus on instructional design to accommodate individual characteristics.