天山山地构造地貌初步研究

Elementary Study of Structure Physiognomy in Tianshan Mountain

现代天山构造地貌及其形成动力主要表现如下几点 :a.现代山体形态表明 ,古老的天山山地早已不复存在 ,古生代的褶皱形态已遭严重破坏 ,现代天山主体是被夷平的古天山 ,经新构造运动再次强烈断块隆起的结果 ,因此我们认为现代天山主体是断块隆升山地 ,不是褶皱断块山地 ,更不是褶皱山地 ;b.天山的构造地貌形成的主要动力是新构造运动 ,现代天山山体地貌的平面格局和垂直结构是中新世前形成的天山准平原 ,通过上新世以来地壳断块隆升运动才显露的 ;c.天山山体构造地貌的主要类型有 :断块山地与层状地貌 ;断陷盆地与断裂谷 ;背斜山与向斜谷 ;单斜脊与单面山 ;河谷阶地与谷中谷等等 .

The characteristics of tectonic landform of the modern MT.Tianshan and the powers which helped form it are the followings:\;a.The modern mountain pattern has shown that the old mountain hasn't existed,and the paleozoic folded pattern has been hea vily damaged,the modern Mt.Tianshan has been changed form the old one by edpanation and then strong foult blick high of neotectionic movement.So we consider the main part of Mt.Tianshan is a foult uplift mountain,not folded foult block one,nothing to say a paleozoic folded mountain.\;b.The major power to form the tectonic landform of Tianshan Mt is new neotectonic movement.The surface pattern and vericle stucture of the modern Mt.Tianshan landform are the peneplain formed before Miscene epoch,appearig through the rising nag falling movement of shell block since pliocence epoch.The neotectonic movement in this area chiefly appears as the renewed fault and the block rising and falling movement along the foult zone;\;Bat in the mountain foot area and on the edge of the intermountain basins,the folded layers during the late Neozoic epoch forming four rows of anticlinal zones in Kuche,the south of anticlinal zones.Except the one near the mian part of the mountain was strengthened during the Quaternary period,the others were all formed afther pliocene opoch, spocially during late early pleitocene and the beginning of the middle pllestocene,which have caused the continuing enlargement of the body of the Tianshan Mt.\;c.The maijor types of the tectonic landform of Tianshan Mt:\;The fault block moybtain and stratified relief,graben basin,and block valley,anticlinal and synclinal mountains;monoclinal mountain and cuesta;and valley terraces and valley in valley,etc.