高分散型三聚氰胺氰尿酸阻燃尼龙66的研究

Highly Dispersing Melamine Cyanurate Flame Retardant Nylon 66

针对现有商品化三聚氰胺氰尿酸(MCA)团聚颗粒结构致密、硬度大、在树脂中难分散,以及其阻燃的尼龙(PA)66阻燃和力学性能劣化等问题,采用自行合成的高分散型MCA(FS–MCA)阻燃PA66,借助水基分散实验和扫描电子显微镜研究了FS–MCA颗粒形态、分散行为及分散机理,通过微型燃烧量热分析、垂直燃烧测试及拉伸和冲击性能测试研究了MCA和FS–MCA阻燃PA66材料的燃烧行为、阻燃性能及力学性能。结果表明,与现有商品化MCA相比,FS–MCA具有颗粒间结合力小,团聚颗粒结构疏松的特点,可在PA66树脂基体中实现亚微米尺度的超细化分散;当其质量分数为10%时,FS–MCA阻燃PA66材料的阻燃级别达到UL 94 V–0级(1.6 mm),且其拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和缺口冲击强度分别达到80.6 MPa,11.4%和7.9 kJ/m2,其阻燃和力学性能均明显优于现有商品化MCA阻燃PA66体系。

According to the disadvantages of existing commercialization melamine cyanurate （MCA） such as MCA having rigid agglomerate particle structure and high hardness, as well as its difficult dispersion in nylon 66 （PA66） matrix leading to deterioration of flame retardance and mechanical properties of MCA flame retardant PA66, a highly dispersing MCA （FS-MCA） synthesized by self was employed to flame-retard PA66. Particle morphology, dispersion behaviors and the corresponding mechanism of FSMCA were investigated by waterborne dispersion experiment and SEM. Vertical flame test, micro-scale combustion calorimetry, tensile and impact strength tests were used to study combustion behaviors, flame retardance and mechanical properties of MCA and FS-MCA flame retardant PA66. The results show that FS-MCA has weaker inter-particle combination and looser agglomerate particle structure compared with MCA, thus leads to its ultrafine （submicron scale） dispersion in PA66 resin matrix. When the mass fraction of FS-MCA is 10%, FS-MCA flame retardant PA66 can achieve UL 94 V-0 rating （1.6 mm） and its tensile strength, elongation at break, notched impact strength are 80.6 MPa, 11.4%, 7.9 kJ / m2 respectively, these are better than that of existing commercialization MCA flame retardant PA66 system.