企业生态创新动态过程研究:以丹麦格兰富为例

Eco-innovation Dynamics Process:A Case Study on Grundfos A/S Denmark

企业生态创新动态过程研究在理论与实证层面部有待丰富.基于组织学习研究视角,以丹麦格兰富为例,分析了企业将环境问题内化到自身创新战略和实践中去的动态组织学习过程.格兰富的生态创新实践表明:生态创新是企业根据不断变化的环境问题调调整认识、目标及办案的动态组织学习过程.在组织学习模式和路径上,生态创新与一般意义上的创新并无本质差别.但在生态创新中,与外部利益主体的互动在知识扩散(市场化)阶段显得更为重要,尤其是在政府拉动或绿色市场需求不足的情况下.另外,生态创新强调企业的环境认知这一重要前提以及企业在技术创新(知识的生产与应用)中产品生命周期视角的应用.基于原有自主创新经验,提高环境意识是我国企业绿色化转型的前提.充分发挥好非政府组织等公民社会组织在政府推动型的三螺旋创新模式中的推动与支持作用,是我国在新一轮全球绿色增长竞赛中取得后发优势的关键.

Further theoretical development and empirical studies are in need on eco-innovation dynamics research. From the perspective of organizational learning, it discloses how firms integrate environmental problems into its innova- tion strategies and practices by the case study of Denmark Grundfos A/S. It finds out that eco-innovation is a dynamic learning process in which firms identify with the changing environmental problems and adjust their perceptions as well as targets and solutions. In terms of organizational learning path and mode, there are no distinguished differences between eco-innovation and general innovation. Only that the interaction with external stakeholders are more important during the stage of knowledge diffusion （commercialization） in eco-innovation especially under the condition of the insufficien- cy of government stimulation and green market. Besides, eco-innovation underlines the importance of higher environ- mental awareness and the employment of product life cycle assessment perspective. Based on the original independent innovation experience, enhancing environment awareness is the precondition of the green transformation of Chinese finns. Thinking of how to make the civil society groups such as NGOs important supporters of green business is crucial for the winning out in the global green growth competition today.