青钱柳幼树花性别分化规律

Study on the flower sex differentiation regular of young Cyclocarya paliurus

连续多年观察青钱柳开花,分析了温度、光照、降水、树高、胸径和花龄对青钱柳幼树花性别分化的影响。结果表明,青钱柳的雌、雄花出现时间与花前积温有关,雄花始终比雌花早出现5-7 d,雌、雄花期能相遇;青钱柳幼树有雌花株、雄花株、雌雄花同株多种花性别类型,其中雌花株出现的概率与前一年的降水量和开花前6个月的光照存在显著的正相关关系,其他花性别类型个体与温度、光照和降水关系暂不明显;不同花性别类型植株胸径和树高均值大小为:两性花株>雌雄花同株>雌花株>雄花株>未开花株;青钱柳幼树花性别转变现象普遍,大部分青钱柳首次只开雌花,第2、3年开花时变成雌雄花同株类型,雄花株比例随花龄增长呈下降趋势,雌雄花同株比例增大;青钱柳开花后会出现不同程度的停开花现象。

The effects of temperature, illumination, precipitation, tree height, tree diameter at breast height and flower age on the flower sex differentiation regular of young Cyclocarya paliurus were studied through investigation flowering for many years. The results showed that the flowering period was related to the accumulated temperature before it flower. Male flowers appear earlier 5 to 7 days earh＇er than female flowers, male and female flowering period could be at the same time. The young C. paliurus had differem flower sex types such as single female flower, single male flower, male and female flowers coexist. There was significant positive correlation between the probability of single female flower plant and the previous years precipitation, six months illumination before flowering. The relationships of other individuals and temperature, illumination and precipitation were not obvious. The order of mean diameter at breast height and height were： bisexual flowers plant 〉 male and female flowers coexist plant 〉 female flower plant 〉 male flower plant 〉 no blossom plant. The sex transition phenomenon was common in young C. paliurus. Most C. paliurus which firstly flowered had female flowers, and then shifted to the male and female flowers coexist type in next year or the third year. The ratio of male flower plant was on the decline with the flower age srowth, but the ratio of male and female flowers coexist plant rise. There were a few plants stop flowering after blossom.