医护人员睡眠质量与职业倦怠和应对方式

The Relationship between Sleep Quality,Job Burnout and Coping Style of Medical Staffs

目的了解医护人员睡眠质量的状况,探讨应对方式和职业倦怠与睡眠质量的关系。方法采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)、职业倦怠问卷(MBI-GS)、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)对155名医院医护人员进行问卷调查。结果①医护人员睡眠质量总分与国内常模比较无显著性差异;医生与护士睡眠质量比较也未见显著性差异;②医生和护士的职业倦怠总分存在差异(t=2.49,P<0.01),医生总体职业倦怠水平高于护士。医生的情绪衰竭和去个性化两个因子均高于护士,差异有统计学意义(t=3.36,P<0.01;t=2.01,P<0.05);③医生积极应对因子低于护士,消极应对因子高于护士,差异有显著性(t=3.30,P<0.01;t=2.45,P<0.05);④医护人员的睡眠质量总分与职业倦怠总分存在显著的正相关(r=0.343,P<0.01);主观睡眠质量因子、睡眠时间因子、睡眠障碍因子和日间功能障碍因子与情绪衰竭因子存在显著正相关(r=0.260,0.218,0.568;P<0.01)。而睡眠质量总分及各因子分与积极应对因子和消极应对因子相关性不显著。结论医护人员睡眠质量的总体状况较好,医生的职业倦怠比护士更严重。与护士相比,医生更多的采取消极应对方式。并且医护人员的睡眠质量与职业倦怠存在一定程度的正相关,与应对方式相关性不明显。

Objective To understand the condition of sleep quality of medical staffs and its correlations with job burnout and coping styles. Methods A total of 155 medical staffs were assessed by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index（PSQI）,Maslach Burnout Inventory（MBI--GS）and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire（SCSQ）. Results ① There was no significant difference in total score of the sleep quality between medical staffs and domestic norm. There was no significant difference in sleep quality between doctors and nurses. ②There was significant difference in the total score between doctors and nurses（t= 2.49 ,P〈0.01）. The job burnout of doctors was higher than that of nurses. The scores of the emotion exhaustion and deindividuation of doctors were signifi- cantly higher than those of nurses（t= 3.36,P〈0.01 ;t= 2.01 ,P%0.05）. @ The score of the positive coping style of doctors was significantly higher than that of nurses （t= 3.30,P〈0.01）. That result was as the same as the negative coping style （t= 2.45 ,P〈 0.05）.③There was significantly positive correlation between the sleep quality and job burnout （r= 0. 343,P〈0. 01）. There were significantly positive correlations of the emotion exhaustion with subjective sleep quality ,sleeping time ,sleep disorder and daytime dysfunction （r=0. 260,0.218,0. 568 ;P〈0.05）. However, significant correlation was not detected between sleep quality and posi- tive as well as sleep quality and negative coping（r=0. 086,0. 111 ;P=0. 285,0. 170）. Conclusion The sleep quality of the medical staffs overall is good. The job burnout of doctors is worse than that of nurses. Compared with the nurses,the doctors are more in- dined to take the negative coping. There is a significantly positive correlation between the sleep quality of the medical staffs and job burnout to some extent. However,significant correlation isn＇t detected between the sleep quality and the coping style.